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Adhyāya 5 of 8 · 555 sūtras

पञ्चमः अध्यायः Affixes after stems (II)

Affixes after stems · More taddhitas: "good for", "bought with", "similar to", abstract nouns (-tva, -tā), possessives (-mat/-vat), pronominal adverbs (tatra, tataḥ), comparatives and superlatives (-tara, -tama), and affixes that close compounds (samāsānta).

Headings: 5.1.1 प्राक् क्रीताच्छः → 5.1.17; 5.3.1 प्राग्दिशो विभक्तिः → 5.3.26; 5.4.68 समासान्ताः → 5.4.160

  1. 5.1 cha and ṭhañ senses; abstract nouns
  2. 5.2 Fields, measures, possessives
  3. 5.3 Pronominal adverbs, comparison
  4. 5.4 Meaning-preserving affixes; compound finals
See adhyāya 5 on the structure map →

Pāda 5.1 cha and ṭhañ senses; abstract nouns

Default-affix blocks: cha (5.1.1), e.g. for "good for" (5.1.5); ṭhañ (5.1.18), e.g. for "bought with" (5.1.37); vati "like" (5.1.115); abstract nouns in -tva/-tā (5.1.119). map →

  1. 5.1.1 प्राक् क्रीताच्छः The छ प्रत्यय is used as a default for the प्राक्-क्रीतीय meanings. adhikāra
  2. 5.1.2 उगवादिभ्यो यत् The affix यत् comes after a प्रातिपदिक ending with उ (long or short), and after the words गो and the rest, the senses of the affix being those taught up to sutra (5.1.37)
  3. 5.1.3 कम्बलाच्च संज्ञायाम् The affix यत् comes in the प्रक्क्रितीय senses after the word कम्बल, when a Name is meant.
  4. 5.1.4 विभाषा हविरपूपादिभ्यः The affix यत् comes optionally after the words denoting 'offering' and etc., in the sense of प्रक्क्रितीय.
  5. 5.1.5 तस्मै हितम् An affix comes after a word in the fourth case in construction, in the sense of 'good for that'.
  6. 5.1.6 शरीरावयवाद्यत् The affix यत् comes in the sense of 'good for that' after a word denoting a part of the body.
  7. 5.1.7 खलयवमाषतिलवृषब्रह्मणश्च The affix यत् comes in the sense of 'good for that' after the word खल, यव, माष, तिल, वृष and ब्रह्मण.
  8. 5.1.8 अजाविभ्यां थ्यन् The affix थ्यन् comes in the sense of 'good for that' after the words अज and अवि.
  9. 5.1.9 आत्मन्विश्वजनभोगोत्तरपदात् खः The affix ख comes in the sense of 'good for that' after the words आत्मन् and विश्वजन and after the compounds having the word भोग as their second term
  10. 5.1.10 सर्वपुरुषाभ्यां णढञौ The affixes ण and ढञ् come in the sense of 'good for that' after the words सर्व and पुरुष.
  11. 5.1.11 माणवचरकाभ्यां खञ् The affix खञ् comes in the sense of 'good for that' after the words माणव and चरक.
  12. 5.1.12 तदर्थं विकृतेः प्रकृतौ After the word being the name of a product, the above-mentioned affix comes, to denote a thing which is the primitive that is serviceable for that.
  13. 5.1.13 छदिरुपधिबलेर्ढञ् The affix ढञ् (+/- एय) comes, in the sense of a primitive serviceable for a product after the words छदिस् , उपधि and बालि, denoting the product.
  14. 5.1.14 ऋषभोपानहोर्ञ्यः The affix ञ्य (+/- य) comes, in the sense of a primitive serviceable for a product after the words ऋषभ and उपानह्, denoting the products.
  15. 5.1.15 चर्मणोऽञ् The affix अञ् (+/- अ) comes, in the sense of a primitive serviceable for a product after a word expressing the product of leather.
  16. 5.1.16 तदस्य तदस्मिन् स्यादिति The above mentioned affixes come after a word in the first case in construction, with the force of a genitive or locative, when the word in the first case is agent of the verb स्यत् ; in other words - the above-mentioned affixes have also the senses of 'very well sufficient there to' and 'very well sufficient to be made therein'.
  17. 5.1.17 परिखाया ढञ् The affix ढञ् (+/- एय) comes after the word परिखा in the above senses of 'this is sufficient for that' and 'this is sufficient therein'.
  18. 5.1.18 प्राग्वतेष्ठञ् The ठञ् प्रत्यय is used as a default for the प्राग्वतीय meanings. adhikāra
  19. 5.1.19 आर्हादगोपुच्छसंख्यापरिमाणाट्ठक् Up to sutra (5.1.63), inclusive, the affix ठक् (+/- इक or +/- क) adhikāra
  20. 5.1.20 असमासे निष्कादिभ्यः The affix ठक् comes after the words निष्क etc., when they are not parts of a compound, the sense of the affix being that taught in the subsequent sutras up to (5.1.63).
  21. 5.1.21 शताच्च ठन्यतावशते The affixes ठन् (-/- इक) and यत् (-/य) come in the senses taught up to (5.1.63) after the word शत् , when it is not part of a compound and when it does not mean merely 'hundred'.
  22. 5.1.22 संख्याया अतिशदन्तायाः कन् The affix (-/- -क) comes after a Numeral, when it does not end with ति or शत् , in the sense of the affix being that taught hereafter up to (5.1.63)
  23. 5.1.23 वतोरिड्वा The affix कन् coming after a Numeral ending with वत्, takes optionally the augment इद् , the sense of the affix being those given up to (5.1.63)
  24. 5.1.24 विंशतित्रिंशद्भ्यां ड्वुन्नसंज्ञायाम् The affix डुवन् (-/- -अक) comes in the senses taught up to (5.1.63) after the words विंशति and त्रिंशत् , when it does not denote a Name: the ति and अत् of the base being dropped before this affix.
  25. 5.1.25 कंसाट्टिठन् The affix टिठन् (-/- -इक) comes in the senses taught up to (5.1.63) after the word कंस.
  26. 5.1.26 शूर्पादञन्यतरस्याम् The affix अञ् (+/- अ) comes optionally in the senses taught up to (5.1.63) after the word शूर्पा.
  27. 5.1.27 शतमानविंशतिकसहस्रवसनादण् The affix अण् (-/- -अ) comes in the senses taught up to (5.1.63) after the words शतमान , विंशतिक , सहस्र and वसन.
  28. 5.1.28 अध्यर्धपूर्वद्विगोर्लुगसंज्ञायाम् The affix having the senses taught up to (5.1.63), is elided by लुक् after a stem beginning with the word अध्यर्ध , and after a द्विगु compound, when it is not in a name.
  29. 5.1.29 विभाषा कार्षापणसहस्राभ्याम् The affix having the senses taught up to (5.1.63), is not always संख्या। Thus for the purpose of application of the affix कृत्वसूच् (5.4.17), this word is not a संख्या.
  30. 5.1.30 द्वित्रिपूर्वान्निष्कात् The आर्हीय affix (5.1.63) is optionally elided after a द्विगु occasioning compound, of the word निष्क preceded by द्वि and त्रि.
  31. 5.1.31 बिस्ताच्च The आर्हीय affix (5.1.37)-63 occasioning a द्विगु compound, is optionally elided after the word बिस्त preceded by द्वि and त्रि.
  32. 5.1.32 विंशतिकात् खः The affix ख (ईन) comes in the आर्हीय senses (5.1.37)-63 after the word विंशतिक , when preceded by the word अध्यर्द्ध or a Numeral, occasioning a द्विगु.
  33. 5.1.33 खार्या ईकन् The affix ईकन् (-/- -ईक) comes in the आर्हीय senses (5.1.37)-63 after the word खारी , when preceded by the word अध्यर्ध or a Numeral occasioning a द्विगु.
  34. 5.1.34 पणपादमाषशताद्यत् The affix यत् (य) comes in the आर्हीय senses (5.1.37)-63 after the words पण, माष and शत , when preceded by the word अध्यर्ध or a Numeral occasioning a द्विगु.
  35. 5.1.35 शाणाद्वा The affix यत् comes optionally after the word शन, in the आर्हीय-senses (5.1.63), when it is preceded by the word अध्यर्ध or a Numeral occasioning a द्विगु.
  36. 5.1.36 द्वित्रिपूर्वादण् च The affix अण् (-/- -अ) as well as यत् optionally also comes after the word शाण , in the आर्हीय-senses (5.1.37)-63, when preceded by the words द्वि and त्रि.
  37. 5.1.37 तेन क्रीतम् The thirteen affixes taught in (5.1.18)-36 have the sense of 'purchased with this price' and are added to a word in the third case in construction.
  38. 5.1.38 तस्य निमित्तं संयोगोत्पातौ The above affixes have further the sense of 'for its sake', when the meaning is a relation or an unwanted appearance.
  39. 5.1.39 गोद्व्यचोऽसंख्यापरिमाणाश्वादेर्यत् After the word गो and after a word having two syllables, with the exception of a Numeral, or a Measure of capacity or अश्व etc., the affix यत् (य) is added, in the above sense of 'a relation or a portent for the purpose of that'.
  40. 5.1.40 पुत्राच्छ च After the word पुत्र the affix छ (ईय) also comes, as well as यत् (य), in the above sense of 'a relation or a portent for the purpose of that'.
  41. 5.1.41 सर्वभूमिपृथिवीभ्यामणञौ The affixes अण् (+/- -अ) and अञ् (+/- -अ) are respectively added to the words सार्वभूमि and पृथ्वी , in the above mentioned sense of 'a connection or a portent for its purpose'.
  42. 5.1.42 तस्येश्वरः To the same bases सार्वभूमि and पृथ्वी , are added the same affixes अण् and अञ् respectively, in the sense of 'lord thereof'.
  43. 5.1.43 तत्र विदित इति च To the same bases सार्वभूमि and पृथ्वी , being in the 7th case in construction, are added the same affixes अण् and अञ् respectively, in the sense that of 'known therein'.
  44. 5.1.44 लोकसर्वलोकाट्ठञ् The affix ठञ् (+/- इक) comes in the sense of 'known therein' after the words लोक and सर्वलोक , in the 7th case in construction.
  45. 5.1.45 तस्य वापः The above mentioned affixes (5.1.18) etc. come after a word in the 6th-Case in construction, in the sense of 'sown with so much'.
  46. 5.1.46 पात्रात् ष्ठन् The affix ष्ठान् (-/- इक) comes in the sense of 'sown with so much' after the word पात्र.
  47. 5.1.47 तदस्मिन् वृद्ध्यायलाभशुल्कोपदा दीयते The above mentioned affixes have also the sense of 'an interest, or a rent, or a profit, or a tax,or a bribe given thereby or in that'.
  48. 5.1.48 पूरणार्धाट्ठन् The affix ठञ् (+/- इक) comes in the same sense of 'an interest, or a rent, or a profit, or a tax,or a bribe given thereby or therein' after a word denoting an ordinal and after the word अर्ध.
  49. 5.1.49 भागाद्यच्च The affix यत् (य) comes after the word भाग in the sense of 'an interest, or a rent, or a profit, or a tax,or a bribe given thereby or therein'.
  50. 5.1.50 तद्धरति वहत्यावहति भाराद्वंशादिभ्यः The above mentioned affixes after the word भार preceded by the word वंश etc., have the sense of 'who carries away, or conveys or brings that'.
  51. 5.1.51 वस्नद्रव्याभ्यां ठन्कनौ The affix ठन् (-/- -इक्) and कन् (-/- क) come respectively after the words वसन and द्रव्य , in the 2nd case in construction, in the same sense of 'who carries etc.'.
  52. 5.1.52 सम्भवत्यवहरति पचति The above mentioned affixes have also the sense of 'what is capable of holding that, or takes away that, or cooks that'.
  53. 5.1.53 आढकाचितपात्रात् खोऽन्यतरस्याम् The affix ख (ईन) may optionally be added in the above sense of 'being capable of holding etc.' after the words आढक, आचित and पात्र.
  54. 5.1.54 द्विगोः ष्ठंश्च The affix ष्ठान् (-/- इक) as well as the affix affix ख (ईन) may optionally come after the same words आढक, आचित and पात्र being final of a द्विगु compound, the sense being that of 'what can hold etc.'.
  55. 5.1.55 कुलिजाल्लुक्खौ च After the word कुलिज , being final of a द्विगु , there is optionally the elision of the above affixes, or the adding of the affix ख (इन), in the sense of 'what can hold that etc.'.
  56. 5.1.56 सोऽस्यांशवस्नभृतयः The affixes taught in प्राग्वतेष्ठञ् (5.1.18) etc. have also the sense of 'this is his portion, price or pay'.
  57. 5.1.57 तदस्य परिमाणम् The affixes taught in प्राग्वतेष्ठञ् (5.1.18) etc. have the sense of 'this is its measure'.
  58. 5.1.58 संख्यायाः संज्ञासंघसूत्राध्ययनेषु The affixes प्राग्वतेष्ठञ् (5.1.18) etc. come after a word denoting a numeral in the sense of 'this is its measure when the word so formed means a Name, a Multitude, a Book or a fixed way and mode of study.
  59. 5.1.59 पङ्क्तिविंशतित्रिंशत्चत्वारिंशत्पञ्चाशत्षष्टिसप्तत्यशीतिनवतिशतम् The following words are anomalous - 1. पङ्क्ति 'a verse' 2. विंशति 'twenty' 3. त्रिंशत् 'thirty' 4.चत्वारिंशत् 'forty' 5. पञ्चाशत् 'fifty' 6. षष्टि 'sixty' 7. सप्तति 'seventy' 8. अशीति 'eighty' 9. नवति 'ninety' 10. शतम् 'hundred'.
  60. 5.1.60 पञ्चद्दशतौ वर्गे वा The words 1. पञ्चत् and 2. दशत् in combination with वर्ग may be anomalously so formed, in the sense of 'this is its measure'.
  61. 5.1.61 सप्तनोऽञ् छन्दसि The affix अञ् (+/- अ) comes after the word सप्तन् in the छन्दस् (Vedas) when the meaning is that of a वर्ग.
  62. 5.1.62 त्रिंशच्चत्वारिंशतोर्ब्राह्मणे संज्ञायां डण् The affix अञ् (+/- अ) comes in the sense of 'this is its measure' after the words 1. त्रिंशत् and 2. चत्वारिशत् when it is a Name denoting a ब्राहमण-book.
  63. 5.1.63 तद् अर्हति The affixes प्राग्वतेष्ठञ् (5.1.18) have also the sense of 'who deserves that'.
  64. 5.1.64 छेदादिभ्यो नित्यम् After the words छेद etc. in the Accusative -2nd case in construction, the above mentioned affixes have the sense of 'who deserves that under all circumstances'.
  65. 5.1.65 शीर्षच्छेदाद्यच्च The affix यत् as well as the above affixes come after the word शीर्षच्छेद in the Accusative -2nd case in the sense 'who deserves that under all circumstances'.
  66. 5.1.66 दण्डादिभ्यः After the words दण्ड etc. in the Accusative -2nd case the affix य comes in the sense of 'who deserves that'.
  67. 5.1.67 छन्दसि च The affix यत् (य) comes in the sense of 'deserving that' after a प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem), in the छन्दस् (Vedas).
  68. 5.1.68 पात्राद्घंश्च The affix घञ् (-/- इयं) together with यत् (यं) comes in the sense of 'deserving that' after the word पात्र.
  69. 5.1.69 कडङ्करदक्षिणाच्छ च The affixes छ (ईयं) and यत् (यं) comes in the sense of 'deserving that' after the words 1. कडङ्गर and 2. दक्षिणा.
  70. 5.1.70 स्थालीबिलात् The affixes छ (ईयं) and यत् (यं) comes in the sense of 'deserving that' after the word स्थालीबिल.
  71. 5.1.71 यज्ञर्त्विग्भ्यां घखञौ The affixes घ (इ य) and खञ् (+/- --ईन) come respectively after the words 1. यज्ञ and 2. ऋत्विज in the sense of 'deserving that'
  72. 5.1.72 पारायणतुरायणचान्द्रायणं वर्तयति The affix ठञ् (+/- -- इक , प्राग्वतेष्ठञ् (5.1.18)) comes in the sense of 'who performs this' after the words 1. पारायण 2. तुरायण and 3. चान्द्रायण being in the Accusative -2nd case in construction.
  73. 5.1.73 संशयमापन्नः The affix ठञ् (+/- -- इक) comes in the sense of 'being fallen into this or thrown into it' after the word संशय in the Accusative -2nd case in construction.
  74. 5.1.74 योजनं गच्छति The affix ठञ् comes in the sense of 'who goes' after the word योजन in the Accusative -2nd case construction.
  75. 5.1.75 पथः ष्कन् The affix ष्कन् comes in the sense of 'who goes there' after the word पथ being in the Accusative -2nd case in construction.
  76. 5.1.76 पन्थो ण नित्यम् The affix ण comes after the word पन्थ which becomes the substitute of पथिन्, the sense of the affix being 'who always goes'.
  77. 5.1.77 उत्तरपथेनाहृतं च The affix ठञ् comes in the sense of 'who passes by that way' and 'what is conveyed by that way' after the word उत्तरपथ in the Instrumental -3rd case in construction.
  78. 5.1.78 कालात् In the following sūtras the phrase 'after a word denoting time' should be supplied to complete the sense. adhikāra
  79. 5.1.79 तेन निर्वृत्तम् The affix ठञ् comes after a word denoting time in the Instrumental -3rd case in construction in the sense of 'to be accomplished by that time'.
  80. 5.1.80 तमधीष्टो भृतो भूतो भावी The above affixes come after a word expressing time in the Accusative -2nd case in construction in the senses of 'solicited to instruct for such a period or which will last so long'.
  81. 5.1.81 मासाद्वयसि यत्खञौ The affixes यत् and खञ् come after the word मास in denoting 'age'.
  82. 5.1.82 द्विगोर्यप् The affix यप् comes after the word मास when forming a द्विगु समास (Numeral Determinative Compound) and meaning 'age'.
  83. 5.1.83 षण्मासाण्ण्यच्च The affixes ण्त् , यप् and ठञ् comes in the sense of 'age' after the word षण्मास.
  84. 5.1.84 अवयसि ठंश्च The affix ठन् comes after the word षण्मास when 'age' is Not meant.
  85. 5.1.85 समायाः खः The affix ख (ईन) comes in the four-fold senses of 'solicited', 'hired', 'lasted' and 'will last', after the word समा.
  86. 5.1.86 द्विगोर्वा The affix ख (ईन) comes optionally in the senses taught in पन्थो ण नित्यम् (5.1.76), तमधीष्टो भृतो भूतो भावी (5.1.80) after the word समा , forming a द्विगु समास (Numeral Determinative Compound).
  87. 5.1.87 रात्र्यहस्संवत्सराच्च The affix ख optionally in the senses taught in तेन निर्वृत्तम् (5.1.79), द्विगोर्यप् (5.1.82), after the words 1. रात्री 2. अहन् and 3. सम्वत्सर , occasioning a द्विगु समास (Numeral Determinative Compound).
  88. 5.1.88 वर्षाल्लुक् च The above affixes and ख and ठिञ् may also be elided after a द्विगु समास (Numeral Determinative Compound) ending in वर्षा.
  89. 5.1.89 चित्तवति नित्यम् The affixes meaning 'accomplished' etc. पन्थो ण नित्यम् (5.1.76), तमधीष्टो भृतो भूतो भावी (5.1.80) are necessarily elided after the word वर्षा forming a द्विगु समास (Numeral Determinative Compound) when it refers to being endowed with reason.
  90. 5.1.90 षष्टिकाः षष्टिरात्रेण पच्यन्ते The anomalously formed word षष्टिकाः has the meaning of 'what are matured in six nights'.
  91. 5.1.91 वत्सरान्ताच्छश्छन्दसि The affix छ comes in the छन्दस् (Vedas) in the five-fold senses taught in पन्थो ण नित्यम् (5.1.76), तमधीष्टो भृतो भूतो भावी (5.1.80), after a stem ending in वत्सर.
  92. 5.1.92 सम्परिपूर्वात् ख च When the affixes ख (ईन) and छ (ईय) come in the छन्दस् (Vedas) in the five-fold senses taught in पन्थो ण नित्यम् (5.1.76), तमधीष्टो भृतो भूतो भावी (5.1.80), after the word वत्सर , when preceded by सम् and परि.
  93. 5.1.93 तेन परिजय्यलभ्यकार्यसुकरम् The affix ठञ् comes after a word denoting time in the Instrumental -3rd case in construction in the sense 'to be subdued, to be gained or attained, to be completed and to be easily completed in that time'.
  94. 5.1.94 तदस्य ब्रह्मचर्यम् The affix ठञ् comes after a word of time in the sense of 'an abstinence that lasts so long' or 'who practises abstinence so long'.
  95. 5.1.95 तस्य च दक्षिणा यज्ञाख्येभ्यः The affix ठञ् comes after a word being the name of sacrifice, in the sense of 'the fee thereof'.
  96. 5.1.96 तत्र च दीयते कार्यं भववत् The affixes having the sense of भव तत्र भवः (4.3.53) , कालाट्ठञ् (4.3.11) , come after a time-denoting word in the sense of 'what is given in that, and what is done in that'.
  97. 5.1.97 व्युष्टादिभ्योऽण् The affix अण् comes after the words व्युष्ट etc. in the Locative -7th case in construction, the sense of 'being given therein or done therein'.
  98. 5.1.98 तेन यथाकथाचहस्ताभ्यां णयतौ The affixes ण and यत् come respectively after the words यथा-कथा-च and हस्त being in the Instrumental -3rd case in construction having the sense of what is 'given or is done in this way'.
  99. 5.1.99 सम्पादिनि The affix ठञ् comes after a word in the Instrumental -3rd case in construction in the sense of 'fitted for that'.
  100. 5.1.100 कर्मवेषाद्यत् The affix यत् (यं) comes in the sense of 'being fitted with that', after the words 1. कर्म and 2. वेष being in the Instrumental -3rd case in construction.
  101. 5.1.101 तस्मै प्रभवति संतापादिभ्यः The affix ठञ् comes after the words संताप etc. in the Dative -4th Case in construction in the sense of 'what is able to effect that'.
  102. 5.1.102 योगाद्यच्च The affix यत् (यं) is also added in the sense of 'able to effect that' after the word योग.
  103. 5.1.103 कर्मण उकञ् The affix उकञ् comes after the word कर्मण in the same sense of 'able to effect that'.
  104. 5.1.104 समयस्तदस्य प्राप्तम् The affix ठञ् comes in the sense of 'that has arrived for it' after the word समय in the Nominative 1st-Case in construction.
  105. 5.1.105 ऋतोरण् The affix अण् comes in the sense of 'that has come for it' after the word ऋतु.
  106. 5.1.106 छन्दसि घस् In the छन्दस् (Vedas) the affix घस् (इय) comes in the sense of 'season has come for it' After the verbs the word ऋतु.
  107. 5.1.107 कालाद्यत् The affix यत् (यं) comes in the same sense of 'time has come for it' after the word काल.
  108. 5.1.108 प्रकृष्टे ठञ् The affix यत् (यं) comes in the sense of 'long standing' after the word काल being the Nominative 1st-Case in construction.
  109. 5.1.109 प्रयोजनम् The affix ठञ् comes in the sense of 'that whose occasion or purpose is this' after a word in the Nominative 1st-Case in construction.
  110. 5.1.110 विशाखाषाढादण् मन्थदण्डयोः The affix अण् comes in the sense of 'that whose purpose is this' after the words 1. विशाखा and 2. आषाढ when the derivative of the first is combined with मन्य and that of the second with दण्ड.
  111. 5.1.111 अनुप्रवचनादिभ्यश्छः The affix छ (ईय) comes in the same sense of 'that whose purpose is this' after The affix words अनुप्रवचन etc.
  112. 5.1.112 समापनात् सपूर्वपदात् The affix छ (ईय) comes in the same sense of 'that whose purpose is this' after the word समापन when it has a word in composition preceding it.
  113. 5.1.113 ऐकागारिकट् चौरे The word ऐकागारिकट् is irregularly formed in the sense of 'thief'.
  114. 5.1.114 आकालिकडाद्यन्तवचने The word आकालिकट् is irregularly formed in the sense of 'what coincides with the beginning and the end i.e. what lasts only an instant'.
  115. 5.1.115 तेन तुल्यं क्रिया चेद्वतिः The affix वति (वत्) comes after a word in the Instrumental -3rd case in construction, in the sense of 'like that' when the meaning is 'similarity of action'.
  116. 5.1.116 तत्र तस्येव The affix वति (वत्) also comes in the sense of 'like what is therein or thereof'.
  117. 5.1.117 तदर्हम् The affix वति (वत्) comes after a word in the Accusative -2nd case in construction in the sense of 'befitting that or suited to that'.
  118. 5.1.118 उपसर्गाच्छन्दसि धात्वर्थे In the छन्दस् (Vedas) the affix वति (वत्) is added to an उपसर्ग (Preposition) in the sense of a verbal root.
  119. 5.1.119 तस्य भावस्त्वतलौ The affixes त्व and तल् come in the sense of 'the nature thereof' after a word in the Genitive 6th-Case.
  120. 5.1.120 आ च त्वात् From this forward as far as the sūtra ब्रह्मणस्त्वः (5.1.136), the affixes त्व and तल् bear the rule. adhikāra
  121. 5.1.121 न नञ्पूर्वात्तत्पुरुषादचतुरसंगतलवणवटयुधकतरसलसेभ्यः The affixes denoting 'nature' taught hereafter do not come after a तत्-पुरुष compound formed by the negative particle नञ् with the exception of the the following - 1. चतुर 2. संगत 3. लवण 4. वट 5. बुध 6. कत 7. रस and 8. लस .
  122. 5.1.122 पृथ्वादिभ्य इमनिज्वा The affix इमनिच् (इमन्) comes optionally in the sense of 'nature thereof' after the words पृथु etc.
  123. 5.1.123 वर्णदृढादिभ्यः ष्यञ् च The affixes ष्यञ् and इमनिच् come in the sense of 'nature thereof' after a word denoting colour and after the words दृढ etc.
  124. 5.1.124 गुणवचनब्राह्मणादिभ्यः कर्मणि च The affix ष्यञ् has after a word expressive of quality and after ब्राह्मण etc., the sense of the activity or occupation or something or someone.
  125. 5.1.125 स्तेनाद्यन्नलोपश्च The affix यत् (यं) comes in the sense of 'nature thereof or action thereof' after the word स्तेन in the Genitive 6th-Case and न is elided before this affix.
  126. 5.1.126 सख्युर्यः The affix य comes in the sense of 'nature or action thereof' after the word सखि.
  127. 5.1.127 कपिज्ञात्योर्ढक् The affix ढक् comes in the sense of 'nature or action thereof' after the words 1. कपि and 2. ज्ञाति.
  128. 5.1.128 पत्यन्तपुरोहितादिभ्यो यक् The affix यक् comes in the sense of 'nature or action thereof' after a compound ending with पति and after पुरोहित etc.
  129. 5.1.129 प्राणभृज्जातिवयोवचनोद्गात्रादिभ्योऽञ् The affix अञ् comes in the sense of 'nature or action or thereof' after class names of animals and words expressing age as well as after उद्गात्रि etc.
  130. 5.1.130 हायनान्तयुवादिभ्योऽण् The affix अण् comes in the sense of 'nature or action thereof' after compounds ending in हायन and after युवन etc.
  131. 5.1.131 इगन्ताच्च लघुपूर्वात् The affix अण् comes in the sense of 'nature or action thereof' after a stem ending in इक् (इ ई उ ऊ ऋ or ऌ) when the preceding syllable is prosodially light.
  132. 5.1.132 योपधाद्गुरूपोत्तमाद्वुञ् The affix वुञ् comes in the sense of 'nature or action thereof' after a polysyllabic stem whose penultimate letter is य् and whose penultimate syllable is prosodially heavy.
  133. 5.1.133 द्वन्द्वमनोज्ञादिभ्यश्च The affix वुञ् comes in the sense of 'nature or action thereof' after a द्वन्द समास and after the words मनोज्ञ etc.
  134. 5.1.134 गोत्रचरणाच्श्लाघात्याकारतदवेतेषु The affix वुञ् comes in the sense of 'nature or action thereof' after a गोत्र (Patronymic/Family-name) and after the Name of a Vedic School when one boasts thereby or manifests his contempt thereby or when it means one who has attained that (or has come for an inspection or inquiring thereof).
  135. 5.1.135 होत्राभ्यश्छः The affix छ (ईय) comes in the sense of 'nature or action thereof' after words expressing होत्रा priests.
  136. 5.1.136 ब्रह्मणस्त्वः The affix त्व comes in the sense of of 'nature or action thereof' after the word ब्रह्मण denoting a kind of होत्रा priest.

Pāda 5.2 Fields, measures, possessives

Affixes for fields of a crop, measures and quantities (5.2.41), and the possessive senses "who has / in which is" with matup (5.2.94) and its rivals (-in/-ika 5.2.115, -vin 5.2.121 …). map →

  1. 5.2.1 धान्यानां भवने क्षेत्रे खञ् The affix खञ् comes in the sense of 'a place of growing when that place is a field' after the name of any particular corn being in the Genitive 6th-Case.
  2. 5.2.2 व्रीहिशाल्योर्ढक् The affix ढक् comes in the sense of 'a place of growing, when it is a field' after the words 1. व्रीहि and 2. शालि.
  3. 5.2.3 यवयवकषष्टिकाद्यत् The affix यत् comes in the sense of 'a place of growing, when it is a field' after the words 1. यव 2. यवक and 3. षष्टिक.
  4. 5.2.4 विभाषा तिलमाषोमाभङ्गाऽणुभ्यः The affix यत् comes in the sense of 'a place of growing, when it is a field' optionally after the words 1. तिल 2. माष3. उमा 4. भङ्गा and 5. अणु.
  5. 5.2.5 सर्वचर्मणः कृतः खखञौ The affix ख (ईन) and खञ् comes in the sense of 'wholly made thereof' after the word सर्वचर्मन्.
  6. 5.2.6 यथामुखसंमुखस्य दर्शनः खः The affix ख (ईन) and खञ् comes in the sense of 'a mirror' after the words 1. यथामुख and 2. संमुख being in Genitive 6th-Case in construction.
  7. 5.2.7 तत्सर्वादेः पथ्यङ्गकर्मपत्रपात्रं व्याप्नोति After the words 1. पथि 2. अङ्ग 3. कर्मन् 4. पत्र or 5. पात्र , preceded by सर्व being in the Accusative -2nd case in construction, the affix ख (ईन) comes in the sense of 'what pervades or fills the whole of that'.
  8. 5.2.8 आप्रपदं प्राप्नोति The affix ख (ईन) comes in the sense of 'reaching thereto' after the word आप्रपद.
  9. 5.2.9 अनुपदसर्वान्नायानयं बद्धाभक्षयतिनेयेषु The affix ख (ईन) comes in the senses of 'so bound', 'eating that' and 'to carry thereto' after the words 1. अनुपद 2. सर्वान्न and 3. आयन.
  10. 5.2.10 परोवरपरम्परपुत्रपौत्रमनुभवति The affix ख (ईन) comes in the sense of 'who witnesses or experiences that' after the words 1. परोवर 2. परम्पर and 3. पुत्रपौत्र , in the Accusative -2nd case in construction.
  11. 5.2.11 अवारपारात्यन्तानुकामं गामी The affix ख (ईन) comes in the sense of 'who purposes to go' after the words 1. अवारपार 2. अत्यन्त and 3. अनुकाम being in the Accusative -2nd case in construction.
  12. 5.2.12 समांसमां विजायते The affix ख (ईन) comes in the sense of 'who bears in the womb' after the word समांसमाम्.
  13. 5.2.13 अद्यश्वीनाऽवष्टब्धे The word अद्यश्वीन is anomalous meaning 'a female near delivery'.
  14. 5.2.14 आगवीनः The word आगवीन is irregularly formed.
  15. 5.2.15 अनुग्वलंगामी The affix ख (ईन) comes in the sense of 'who is fit to follow' after the word अनुगु.
  16. 5.2.16 अध्वनो यत्खौ The affixes यत् (यं) and ख (ईन) come in the sense of 'who is fit or able to follow' after the word अध्वन्.
  17. 5.2.17 अभ्यमित्राच्छ च The affixes छ (ईय), यत् (यं) and ख (ईन) come in the sense of 'who is able to go' after the word अभ्यमित्र.
  18. 5.2.18 गोष्ठात् खञ् भूतपूर्वे The affix खञ् comes in the sense of 'it formerly had been' after the word गोष्ठ.
  19. 5.2.19 अश्वस्यैकाहगमः The affix खञ् comes in the sense of 'what is travelled over or traversed in one day' after the word अश्व being in the Genitive 6th-Case in construction.
  20. 5.2.20 शालीनकौपीने अधृष्टाकार्ययोः The words शालीन and कौपीन are anomalous when meaning 'modest' and 'a shameful action, respectively.
  21. 5.2.21 व्रातेन जीवति The affix खञ् comes in the sense of 'who leads this life' or 'who lives by this' after the word व्रात being in the Instrumental -3rd case in construction.
  22. 5.2.22 साप्तपदीनं सख्यम् The word साप्तपदीन is anomalous when meaning 'friendship'.
  23. 5.2.23 हैयंगवीनं संज्ञायाम् The word हैयंगवीन is anomalous when it is a Name.
  24. 5.2.24 तस्य पाकमूले पील्वादिकर्णादिभ्यः कुणब्जाहचौ The affixes कुणप् (कुण) and जाहच् (जाह) come in the senses of 'the fruiting-season of this' and 'the root of this'.
  25. 5.2.25 पक्षात्तिः The affix ति comes in the sense of 'the root of it' after the word पक्ष in the Genitive 6th-Case in construction.
  26. 5.2.26 तेन वित्तश्चुञ्चुप्चणपौ The affixes चुञ्चुप् (चुञ्चु) and चणप् (चण) come in the sense of 'celebrated through this' after a word in the Instrumental -3rd case in construction.
  27. 5.2.27 विनञ्भ्यां नानाञौ नसह The affixes ना and नाञ् comes in the sense of 'not being together' after the words 1. वि and 2. नञ् respectively.
  28. 5.2.28 वेः शालच्छङ्कटचौ The affixes शालच् (शाल) and शङ्कटच् (शङ्कट) come after the preposition वि without changing the sense.
  29. 5.2.29 सम्प्रोदश्च कटच् The affix कटच् (कट) comes after the words 1. सम् 2. प्रद् 3. उद् and 4. वि.
  30. 5.2.30 अवात् कुटारच्च The affixes कुटारच् and कटच् come after the word अव.
  31. 5.2.31 नते नासिकायाः संज्ञायां टीटञ्नाटज्भ्रटचः The affixes टीटच् , नाटच् and भ्रटच् come in the sense of 'a hooked nose' after the word अव when the word so formed is a Name.
  32. 5.2.32 नेर्बिडज्बिरीसचौ The affixes बिडच् and बिरीसच् come in the sense of 'a hooked nose' after the word नि when the word so formed is a Name.
  33. 5.2.33 इनच्पिटच्चिकचि च The affixes इनच् and पिटच् come in the sense of 'a hooked nose' after the word नि ; and चिक् and चि are the substitutes of नि before those affixes respectively.
  34. 5.2.34 उपाधिभ्यां त्यकन्नासन्नारूढयोः The affix त्यकन् comes in the sense of 'nearness' and after the words 1. उप and 2. अधि , respectively, the words so formed being Names.
  35. 5.2.35 कर्मणि घटोऽठच् The affix अठच् comes in the sense of 'employing oneself zealously in it' after the word कर्म in the Locative -7th case in construction.
  36. 5.2.36 तदस्य संजातं तारकादिभ्य इतच् The affix इतच् comes in the sense of 'that whereof this is observed' after the words तारका etc. in the Nominative 1st-Case in construction.
  37. 5.2.37 प्रमाणे द्वयसज्दघ्नञ्मात्रचः The affixes द्वयसच् , दघ्नश्च and मात्रच् come in the sense of 'that whereof this is the lineal measure' after a word in Nominative 1st-Case in construction.
  38. 5.2.38 पुरुषहस्तिभ्यामण् च The affix अण् , द्वयसच् , दघ्नश्च and मात्रच् come in the sense of 'that whereof this is the lineal measure' after the words 1. पुरुष and 2. हस्ति in the Nominative 1st-Case in construction.
  39. 5.2.39 यद्तदेतेभ्यः परिमाणे वतुप् The affix वतुप् comes in the sense of 'that where of this is the measure of volume' after the words 1.यद् 2. तद् and 3. एतद् being in the Nominative 1st-Case of construction.
  40. 5.2.40 किमिदंभ्यां वो घः After the words किम् and इदम् , घ (इय्) is substituted for the व् of वतुप्.
  41. 5.2.41 किमः संख्यापरिमाणे डति च The affixes डति (अति with the elision of इम्) and वतुप् come in the sense of 'numerical quantity' after the word किम् in the Nominative 1st-Case in construction.
  42. 5.2.42 संख्याया अवयवे तयप् The affix तयप् comes in the sense of 'that whereof the parts are so many' after a numeral.
  43. 5.2.43 द्वित्रिभ्यां तयस्यायज्वा The affix अयच् is optionally the substitute of तयप् after the words 1. द्वि and 2. त्रि.
  44. 5.2.44 उभादुदात्तो नित्यम् After the word उभ , अयच् is always the substitute for तयप् , having the उदात्त (acute accent) on its first syllable.
  45. 5.2.45 तदस्मिन्नधिकमिति दशान्ताड्डः The affix ड (अ with the elision of अन् of the base) comes in the sense of 'this is surplus in it' after a Numeral ending in दशन् being in the Nominative 1st-Case in construction.
  46. 5.2.46 शदन्तविंशतेश्च The affix ड comes in the sense of 'this is surplus in it' after a Numeral ending in शत् and after विंशति with the elision of अत् and अति.
  47. 5.2.47 संख्याया गुणस्य निमाने मयट् When the cost of 'one unit' of an entity is to be expressed in terms of the cost of 'multiple units' of another entity, मयट् प्रत्यय can be applied to the number that represents the 'number of units' of the second entity.
  48. 5.2.48 तस्य पूरणे डट् The affix डट् (अ causing the elision of the last vowel with the consonant following it) comes in the sense of 'making full this number' after a Numeral being the Genitive 6th-Case in construction.
  49. 5.2.49 नान्तादसंख्यादेर्मट् The augment मट् comes before डट् in the sense of 'making full this number' after a Numeral which ends in न् when no other Numeral precedes it.
  50. 5.2.50 थट् चच्छन्दसि The थट् is the augment of डट् in the छन्दस् (Vedas) after a Numeral ending in न् and not preceded by another Numeral as well as the augment मट्.
  51. 5.2.51 षट्कतिकतिपयचतुरां थुक् When डट् follows, थुक् is the augment of the words 1. षट् 2. कति 3. कतिपय and 4. चतुर्.
  52. 5.2.52 बहुपूगगणसंघस्य तिथुक् When डट् follows, तिथुक् is the augment of the words 1. बहु 2. पूग 3. गण and 4. सङ्गघ.
  53. 5.2.53 वतोरिथुक् When follows is the augment of a stem ending in वतु.
  54. 5.2.54 द्वेस्तीयः The affix तीय comes in the sense of 'completer thereof' after the word द्वि.
  55. 5.2.55 त्रेः सम्प्रसारणं च The affix तीय comes in the sense of 'completer thereof' after the word त्रि and there is सम्प्रसारण (Vocalisation) of the stem.
  56. 5.2.56 विंशत्यादिभ्यस्तमडन्यतरस्याम् After the words विंशति etc. तमट् (तम feminine in ङीप्) is optionally the augment of डट्.
  57. 5.2.57 नित्यं शतादिमासार्धमाससंवत्सराच्च After the words शत etc. and after 1. मास 2. अर्धमास and 3. संवत्सर तमट् (तम feminine in ङीप्) is always the augment of डट्.
  58. 5.2.58 षष्ट्यादेश्चासंख्यादेः After the words षष्ठी etc. when no other Numeral precedes them; तमट् is always the augment of डट्.
  59. 5.2.59 मतौ छः सूक्तसाम्नोः When a सूक्त or साम्न् is to be expressed, the affix छ (ईय) comes after a प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem) in the sense of the affix मतुप् -- तदस्यास्त्यस्मिन्निति मतुप् (5.2.94).
  60. 5.2.60 अध्यायानुवाकयोर्लुक् When an अध्याय or अनुवाक is to be expressed there is लुक् elision of the affix छ (ईय) having the sense of मतुप् -- तदस्यास्त्यस्मिन्निति मतुप् (5.2.94).
  61. 5.2.61 विमुक्तादिभ्योऽण् The affix अण् comes in the sense of मतुप् when an अध्याय or अनुवाक is to be expressed, after the words विमुक्त etc.
  62. 5.2.62 गोषदादिभ्यो वुन् The affix वुन् comes in the sense of मतुप् when an अध्याय or अनुवाक is to be expressed
  63. 5.2.63 तत्र कुशलः पथः The affix वुन् comes in the sense of 'versed therein or skilled therein' after the word पथिन् being in the Locative -7th case in construction.
  64. 5.2.64 आकर्षादिभ्यः कन् The affix कन् comes in the sense of 'versed therein or skilled therein' after the प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem) आकर्ष etc. being in the Locative -7th case in construction.
  65. 5.2.65 धनहिरण्यात् कामे The affix कन् comes in the sense of 'a desire thereafter' after the words 1. धन and 2. हिरण्य being in the Locative -7th case in construction.
  66. 5.2.66 स्वाङ्गेभ्यः प्रसिते The affix कन् comes in the sense of 'who takes care of it, who bestows care upon' after a word denoting a part of one's body.
  67. 5.2.67 उदराट्ठगाद्यूने The affix ठक् comes in the sense of 'voracious' after the word उदर.
  68. 5.2.68 सस्येन परिजातः The affix कन् comes in the sense of 'to supply richly with it' after the word सस्य being in the Instrumental -3rd case in construction.
  69. 5.2.69 अंशं हारी The affix कन् comes in the sense of 'who must take that' after the word अंश 'a share' being in the Accusative -2nd case in construction.
  70. 5.2.70 तन्त्रादचिरापहृते The affix कन् comes in the sense of taken off there from not long ago or shortly before' after the word तन्त्र 'a loom'.
  71. 5.2.71 ब्राह्मणकोष्णिके संज्ञायाम् The words ब्राह्मण and उष्णिक are anomalous when they are a Name.
  72. 5.2.72 शीतोष्णाभ्यां कारिणि The affix कन् comes in the sense of 'who goes to work thus' after the words शीत and उष्ण.
  73. 5.2.73 अधिकम् The word अधिक is anomalous.
  74. 5.2.74 अनुकाभिकाभीकः कमिता The words 1. अनुक 2. अभिक and 3. अभीक are anomalous meaning 'being at liberty to do or being fond of'.
  75. 5.2.75 पार्श्वेनान्विच्छति The affix कन् comes in the sense of 'who strives to gain something by that' after the word पार्श्व in the Instrumental -3rd case in construction.
  76. 5.2.76 अयःशूलदण्डाजिनाभ्यां ठक्ठञौ The affixes ठक् and ठञ् come in the sense of 'who strives to gain something by that 'after the words 1. अयःशूल and 2. दण्डाजिन , respectively
  77. 5.2.77 तावतिथं ग्रहणमिति लुग्वा The affix कन् is added to an ordinal number in the sense of 'acquiring a subject after so many attempts' and there is optionally the elision of the affix denoting the ordinal number.
  78. 5.2.78 स एषां ग्रामणीः The affix कन् comes in the sense of 'he is their leader' after a word in the Nominative 1st-Case with the force of Genitive 6th-Case.
  79. 5.2.79 शृङ्खलमस्य बन्धनं करभे The affix कन् comes in the sense of 'clog is its fetter' after the word शृङ्खल 'a clog' when the whole word means 'a young camel'.
  80. 5.2.80 उत्क उन्मनाः The word उत्क is anomalous meaning 'longing after, yearning'.
  81. 5.2.81 कालप्रयोजनाद्रोगे The affix कन् comes after a word expressing a time or a cause or effect (of the disease) when an illness is denoted.
  82. 5.2.82 तदस्मिन्नन्नं प्राये संज्ञायाम् The affix कन् comes in the sense of 'this is the principal food of this particular occasion' after a word denoting food in the Nominative 1st-Case in construction, when the whole word so formed is a Name.
  83. 5.2.83 कुल्माषादञ् The affix अण् comes in the sense of 'this is the principal food on this particular occasion' after the word कुल्माष when the whole word is a Name.
  84. 5.2.84 श्रोत्रियंश्छन्दोऽधीते The word श्रोत्रिन् is irregularly formed meaning 'who has studied the छन्दस् (Vedas)'.
  85. 5.2.85 श्राद्धमनेन भुक्तमिनिठनौ The affixes इनि (इन्) and ठन् come in the sense of 'this is eaten by him' after the word .
  86. 5.2.86 पूर्वादिनिः The affix इनि (इन्) comes in the sense of 'by whom something was done formerly' after the word पूर्व.
  87. 5.2.87 सपूर्वाच्च The affix इनि (इन्) comes in the sense of 'by whom something is done' after the word पूर्व, also when another word precedes it.
  88. 5.2.88 इष्टादिभ्यश्च The affix इनि (इन्) comes in the sense of 'by him' after इष्ट etc.
  89. 5.2.89 छन्दसि परिपन्थिपरिपरिणौ पर्यवस्थातरि In the छन्दस् (Vedas) the words 1. परिपन्थिन् and 2. परिपरिण् are anomalously formed by this affix and have the sense of 'an antagonist'.
  90. 5.2.90 अनुपद्यन्वेष्टा The word अनुपदिन् formed anomalously by इनि denotes 'who goes after, who searches'.
  91. 5.2.91 साक्षाद्द्रष्टरि संज्ञायाम् The affix इनि comes in the sense of 'a spectator, looker on' after the word साक्षात् when the word so formed is a Name.
  92. 5.2.92 क्षेत्रियच् परक्षेत्रे चिकित्स्यः The word क्षेत्रियच् (क्षेत्रिय) is anomalous meaning 'curable in another body' i.e. 'not curable in this life'.
  93. 5.2.93 इन्द्रियमिन्द्रलिंगमिन्द्रदृष्टमिन्द्रसृष्टमिन्द्रजुष्टमिन्द्रदत्तमिति वा The word इन्द्रियम् (having उदात्त (acute accent) on the last) is anomalous meaning 'an organ of sense' and so called either because it is 'the characteristic from which the existence of इन्द्र is inferred' or 'it is seen by इन्द्र ' or 'it is created by इन्द्र ' or it is wished by इन्द्र ' or 'it is given by इन्द्र '.
  94. 5.2.94 तदस्यास्त्यस्मिन्निति मतुप् The affix मतुप् comes in the sense of 'whose it is' or 'in whom it is' after a word in the Nominative 1st-Case in construction.
  95. 5.2.95 रसादिभ्यश्च The affix मतुप् comes in the sense of 'whose it is' or 'in whom it is' after the प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem) रस etc.
  96. 5.2.96 प्राणिस्थादातो लजन्यतरस्याम् The affix लच् comes optionally in the sense of मतुप् after a stem ending in long आ the word expressing something which is found only in a living being.
  97. 5.2.97 सिध्मादिभ्यश्च The affix लच् comes in the sense of मतुप् after the words सिध्म etc. and optionally after मतुप् also.
  98. 5.2.98 वत्सांसाभ्यां कामबले The affix लच् comes in the senses of 'love' and 'strength' respectively after the words वत्स and अंस.
  99. 5.2.99 फेनादिलच् च The affixes इलच् and लच् come in the sense of मतुप् after the word फेन and optionally after the affix मतुप् also.
  100. 5.2.100 लोमादिपामादिपिच्छादिभ्यः शनेलचः The three affixes श , न and इलच् come in the sense of मतुप् respectively after the words of the three classes i.e. 1. लोमदि 2. पामादि and 3. पिच्छादि and the affix मतुप् also comes in the alternative.
  101. 5.2.101 प्रज्ञाश्रद्धार्चाभ्यो णः The affix ण् comes in the sense of मतुप् after the words 1. प्रज्ञा 2. श्रद्धा and 3. अर्चा as well as the affix मतुप् .
  102. 5.2.102 तपःसहस्राभ्यां विनीनी The affixes विनि and इनि come with the force of मतुप् after the words तपस् and सहर respectively.
  103. 5.2.103 अण् च And also अण् comes after तपस् and सहर.
  104. 5.2.104 सिकताशर्कराभ्यां च The affix अण् comes in the sense of मतुप् after सिकता and शर्करा.
  105. 5.2.105 देशे लुबिलचौ च When the sense if of 'locality' there may take place लुप् elision of the affixes denoting मतुप् (with the preservation of the gender and number of the word) or there may be the affixes इलच् , अण् and मतुप् after the words सिकता and शर्करा.
  106. 5.2.106 दन्त उन्नत उरच् The affix उरच् comes in the sense of 'having projecting teeth' after the word दन्त.
  107. 5.2.107 ऊषसुषिमुष्कमधो रः The affix र comes after the words 1. ऊष 2. सुषि 3. मुष्क and 4. मधु with the force of मतुप्.
  108. 5.2.108 द्युद्रुभ्यां मः The affix म comes in the sense of मतुप् after 1. द्यु and 2. द्रु .
  109. 5.2.109 केशाद्वोऽन्यतरस्याम् The affix व comes optionally with the force of मतुप् .
  110. 5.2.110 गाण्ड्यजगात् संज्ञायाम् The affix व comes in the sense of मतुप् after 1. गाण्डी and 2. अजग when the word is a Name.
  111. 5.2.111 काण्डाण्डादीरन्नीरचौ The affixes ईरन् and ईरच् come in the sense of मतुप् after the words 1. काण्ज and 2. अण्ड respectively.
  112. 5.2.112 रजःकृष्यासुतिपरिषदो वलच् The affix वलच् comes in the sense of मतुप् after 1. रजस् 2. कृषि 3. आसुति and 3. परिषद्.
  113. 5.2.113 दन्तशिखात् संज्ञायाम् The affix वलच् comes in the sense of मतुप् after 1. दन्त and 2. शिखा when a Name is formed.
  114. 5.2.114 ज्योत्स्नातमिस्राशृङ्गिणोर्जस्विन्नूर्जस्वलगोमिन्मलिनमलीमसाः The words 1. ज्योत्स्न 2. तमिस्रा 3. शृङ्गिण 4. ऊर्जस्विन् 5. ऊर्जस्वल 6. गोमिन् 7. मलिन and 8. मलीमस are irregularly formed in the sense of मतुप् and are Names.
  115. 5.2.115 अत इनिठनौ The affixes इनि and ठन् come in the sense of मतुप् after the प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stems) ending in short अ and in the alternative मतुप् also comes.
  116. 5.2.116 व्रीह्यादिभ्यश्च The affixes इनि and ठन् come in the sense of मतुप् after the words व्रीहि etc. as well as the affix मतुप् .
  117. 5.2.117 तुन्दादिभ्य इलच् च The affix इलच् also comes in the sense of मतुप् after the प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stems) तुन्द etc.
  118. 5.2.118 एकगोपूर्वाट्ठञ् नित्यम् The affix ठञ् always comes in the sense of मतुप् after a stem which in composition is preceded by एक or गो.
  119. 5.2.119 शतसहस्रान्ताच्च निष्कात् The affix ठञ् comes in the sense of मतुप् after the words 1. शत and 2. सहस्र when they follow after निष्क.
  120. 5.2.120 रूपादाहतप्रशंसयोर्यप् The affix यप् comes in the sense of मतुप् after the word रूप when 'stamping (coining)' or 'praise' is denoted.
  121. 5.2.121 अस्मायामेधास्रजो विनिः After a stem ending in अस् and after माया , मेधा and स्रज् comes the affix विनि in the sense of मतुप्.
  122. 5.2.122 बहुलं छन्दसि In the छन्दस् (Vedas) the affix विनि is added diversely in the sense of मतुप् .
  123. 5.2.123 ऊर्णाया युस् The affix युस् is added to ऊर्णा in the sense of मतुप् in the छन्दस् (Vedas).
  124. 5.2.124 वाचो ग्मिनिः The affix ग्मिनि come in the sense of मतुप् after the word वाच्.
  125. 5.2.125 आलजाटचौ बहुभाषिणि The affixes आलच् and आटच् come in the sense of मतुप् after वाच् , the word denoting 'a talkative'.
  126. 5.2.126 स्वामिन्नैश्वर्ये The irregularly formed word स्वामिन् denotes 'Sir or Lord'.
  127. 5.2.127 अर्शआदिभ्योऽच् The affix अच् comes in the sense of मतुप् after the words अर्श etc.
  128. 5.2.128 द्वन्द्वोपतापगर्ह्यात् प्राणिस्थादिनिः The affix इनि (इन्) comes in the sense of मतुप् after a द्वन्द compound after the name of a disease and after anything denoting fault when the thing is found in a living being.
  129. 5.2.129 वातातिसाराभ्यां कुक् च The augment कुक् comes before इनि (इन्) after the words 1. वात and 2. अतिसार.
  130. 5.2.130 वयसि पूरणात् The affix इनि (इन्) comes in the sense of मतुप् after an ordinal numeral when age is denoted.
  131. 5.2.131 सुखादिभ्यश्च The affix इनि (इन्) comes (to the exclusion of other affixes) in the sense of मतुप् after the words सुख etc.
  132. 5.2.132 धर्मशीलवर्णान्ताच्च The affix इनि (इन्) comes in the sense of मतुप् (to the exclusion of others) after nominal steps ending in 1. धर्म 2. शील 3. वर्ण.
  133. 5.2.133 हस्ताज्जातौ The affix इनि (इन्) comes in the sense of मतुप् after the word हस्त when a genus is denoted by the word so formed.
  134. 5.2.134 वर्णाद्ब्रह्मचारिणि The affix इनि (इन्) comes in the sense of मतुप् after the word वर्ण when the word so formed means a ब्रह्मचारिण्.
  135. 5.2.135 पुष्करादिभ्यो देशे The affix इनि (इन्) comes in the sense of मतुप् after the words पुष्कर etc. when the word so formed denotes a locality.
  136. 5.2.136 बलादिभ्यो मतुबन्यतरस्याम् The affixes मतुप् and इनि come after the प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stems) बल etc.
  137. 5.2.137 संज्ञायां मन्माभ्याम् The affix इनि (इन्) comes in the sense of मतुप् after a प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem) ending in मन् or म when the whole word so formed means a Name.
  138. 5.2.138 कंशंभ्यां बभयुस्तितुतयसः The seven affixes 1. ब 2. भ 3. युस् 4. ति 5. तु 6. त and 7. यस् comes in the sense of मतुप् after कम् 'water and happiness' and शम् 'happiness'.
  139. 5.2.139 तुन्दिवलिवटेर्भः The affix भ comes in the sense of मतुप् after 1. तुन्दि 2. वलि and 3. वटि.
  140. 5.2.140 अहंशुभमोर्युस् The affix युस् (यु) comes in the sense of मतुप् after the word अहम् and the indeclinable शुभम् 'good'.

Pāda 5.3 Pronominal adverbs, comparison

Under 5.3.1, case-like affixes on pronouns (tasil 5.3.7, tral 5.3.10: tataḥ, tatra); comparatives and superlatives (5.3.55, 5.3.57); ka for "unknown" and diminutive (5.3.70 heading; 5.3.73, 5.3.86). map →

  1. 5.3.1 प्राग्दिशो विभक्तिः The sūtra taught from this forward up to दिक्शब्देभ्यः सप्तमीपञ्चमीप्रथमाभ्यो दिग्देशकालेष्वस्तातिः (5.3.27) (exclusive) are called विभक्ति. saṃjñāadhikāra
  2. 5.3.2 किंसर्वनामबहुभ्योऽद्व्यादिभ्यः These प्राग्दिशीय affixes come after the word किम् and after a stem called सर्वनाम and after बहु but not after द्वि etc. adhikāra
  3. 5.3.3 इदम इश् For इदम् there is the substitute इश् when a प्राग्दिशीय affix follows.
  4. 5.3.4 एतेतौ रथोः The substitutes एत and इत come instead of इदम् when a प्राग्दिशीय affix beginning with र and थ respectively follows.
  5. 5.3.5 एतदोऽन् The substitute अश् comes in the place of एतद् when a प्राग्दिशीय affix follows.
  6. 5.3.6 सर्वस्य सोऽन्यतरस्यां दि The स is substituted for सर्व before a प्राग्दिशीय विभक्ति beginning with द.
  7. 5.3.7 पञ्चम्यास्तसिल् The affix तसिल् (तस्) comes after the word किम् , a सर्वनाम and बहु when ending in Ablative -5th case.
  8. 5.3.8 तसेश्च The affix तसिल् (तस्) is substituted for तस् -- प्रतियोगे पञ्चम्यास्तसिः (5.4.44), अपादाने चाहीयरुहोः (5.4.45) when किम् a सर्वनाम and बहु follow.
  9. 5.3.9 पर्यभिभ्यां च The affix तसिल् (तस्) comes after परि and अभि also.
  10. 5.3.10 सप्तम्यास्त्रल् The affix त्रल् comes after किम् , सर्वनाम and बहु when ending in Locative -7th case.
  11. 5.3.11 इदमो हः The affix ह comes after इदम् ending in the Locative -7th case.
  12. 5.3.12 किमोऽत् The affix अत् (अ) comes after किम् ending in the Locative -7th case.
  13. 5.3.13 वा ह च च्छन्दसि Optionally the affix ह also comes in the छन्दस् (Vedas) after the word किम् in the Locative -7th case as well as other affixes.
  14. 5.3.14 इतराभ्योऽपि दृश्यन्ते The above affixes are seen coming after किम् , a सर्वनाम and बहु ending with other case-affixes also besides the Locative -7th case and Ablative -5th case.
  15. 5.3.15 सर्वैकान्यकिंयत्तदः काले दा After 1. सर्व 'all' 2. एक 'one' 3. अन्य 'other' 4. किम् 'what' 5 यद् 'which' and 6. तद् 'that' when time is denoted comes the affix दा , the words being in the Locative -7th case.
  16. 5.3.16 इदमो र्हिल् After इदम् 'this' ending in the Locative -7th case comes the affix र्हिल् when time is denoted.
  17. 5.3.17 अधुना The word अधुना is anomalous having the same sense.
  18. 5.3.18 दानीं च The affix दानीम् also comes after इदम् ending in the Locative -7th case, denoting time.
  19. 5.3.19 तदो दा च After तद् ending in the Locative -7th case when time is denoted, comes the affixes दा and दानीम्
  20. 5.3.20 तयोर्दार्हिलौ च च्छन्दसि After the two प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stems) इदम् and तद् come respectively the affixes दा and र्हिल् in the छन्दस् (Vedas) and also other affixes.
  21. 5.3.21 अनद्यतने र्हिलन्यतरस्याम् The affix र्हिल् comes optionally in denoting time not of the current day after the words किम् , the सर्वनाम and बहु etc.
  22. 5.3.22 सद्यःपरुत्परार्यैषमःपरेद्यव्यद्यपूर्वेद्युरन्येद्युरन्यतरेद्युरितरेद्युरपरेद्युरधरेद्युरुभयेद्युरुत्तरेद्युः The following words are anomalous - 1. सद्यः 2. परुत् 3. परारि 4. ऐषमस् 5. परेद्यवि 6. अद्य 7. पूर्वेद्युस् 8. अन्येद्युस् 9. अन्यतरेद्युस् 10. इतरेद्युस् 11. अपरेद्युस् 12. अधरेद्युस् 13. उभयेद्युस् and 14. उत्तरेद्युस्.
  23. 5.3.23 प्रकारवचने थाल् The affix थाल् comes after the words किम् etc. -- किंसर्वनामबहुभ्योऽद्व्यादिभ्यः (5.3.2) when we speak of a kind or manner of being.
  24. 5.3.24 इदमस्थमुः After इदम् comes the affix थमु (थम्) in the same sense of a kind or manner of being.
  25. 5.3.25 किमश्च Also after किम् comes the affix थमु in the sense of denoting a manner.
  26. 5.3.26 था हेतौ च च्छन्दसि The affix था comes in the sense of 'cause' after the word किम् in the छन्दस् (Vedas).
  27. 5.3.27 दिक्शब्देभ्यः सप्तमीपञ्चमीप्रथमाभ्यो दिग्देशकालेष्वस्तातिः The affix अस्ताति (अस्तात्) comes after the words of 'direction', 'locality' or 'time' ending in the Locative -7th case, Ablative -5th case, Nominative 1st-Case, without a change of sense.
  28. 5.3.28 दक्षिणोत्तराभ्यामतसुच् The affix अतसुच् (अतस्) comes in the sense of 'direction', 'locality' or 'time' after the words 1. दक्षिण and 2. उत्तर.
  29. 5.3.29 विभाषा परावराभ्याम् The affix अतसुच् (अतस्) comes in the sense of अस्ताति (अस्तात्) after 1. पर and 2. अवर.
  30. 5.3.30 अञ्चेर्लुक् After words of direction ending in अञ्च् there is लुक् elision of the affix अस्ताति.
  31. 5.3.31 उपर्युपरिष्टात् The words 1. उपरि and 2. उपरिष्टात् are anomalous in the sense of अस्ताति.
  32. 5.3.32 पश्चात् The word पश्चात् is anomalous in the sense of अस्ताति.
  33. 5.3.33 पश्च पश्चा च च्छन्दसि The words पश्च and पश्चा are anomalous in the छन्दस् (Vedas) having the force of अस्ताति.
  34. 5.3.34 उत्तराधरदक्षिणादातिः The affix अति is added to the words 1. उत्तर and 2. दक्षिण in the sense of अस्ताति.
  35. 5.3.35 एनबन्यतरस्यामदूरेऽपञ्चम्याः The affix एनप् (एन) comes optionally after the words 1. उत्तर and 2. दक्षिण in the sense of अस्ताति, when the limit indicated is not remote and when it is not a substitute of the Ablative -5th case affix.
  36. 5.3.36 दक्षिणादाच् The affix आच् (आ) comes after the word दक्षिण in the sense of अस्ताति , but not as a substitute of the Ablative -5th case.
  37. 5.3.37 आहि च दूरे The affix आहि comes after the word दक्षिण in the sense of अस्ताति as well as आच् when the reference is to a distant limit.
  38. 5.3.38 उत्तराच्च The affixes आच् (आ) and आहि come after उत्तरा come in the sense of अस्ताति when the reference is to a distant limit.
  39. 5.3.39 पूर्वाधरावराणामसि पुरधवश्चैषाम् The affix असि (अस्) comes in the sense of अस्ताति after 1. पूर्व 2. अधर and 3. अवर ; and 1. पुर् 2. अध् and 3. अव are the respective substitutes before this affix.
  40. 5.3.40 अस्ताति च The same substitution takes place when the affix अस्ताति follows.
  41. 5.3.41 विभाषावरस्य The substitution of अव् for अवर is optional when अस्ताति follows.
  42. 5.3.42 संख्याया विधार्थे धा The affix धा comes after a प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem) denoting a Numeral when it means the mode or manner of an action.
  43. 5.3.43 अधिकरणविचाले च The affix धा comes after a Numeral when the sense is a change in the apportionment or distribution of substances.
  44. 5.3.44 एकाद्धो ध्यमुञन्यतरस्याम् After the word एक the substitute comes optionally instead of धा.
  45. 5.3.45 द्वित्र्योश्च धमुञ् The substitute धमुञ् comes optionally in the place of धा after the words 1. द्वि and 2. त्रि.
  46. 5.3.46 एधाच्च The substitute एधाच् (एधा) comes optionally in the place of धा after 1. द्वि and 2. त्रि.
  47. 5.3.47 याप्ये पाशप् The affix पाशप् denotes something as insignificant.
  48. 5.3.48 पूरणाद्भागे तीयादन् After a प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem) an ordinal number ending in तीय , comes the affix अन् (the word retaining its denotation) when a 'part' is meant.
  49. 5.3.49 प्रागेकादशभ्योऽच्छन्दसि After an ordinal numeral up to 11 exclusive, comes the affix अन् , the word retaining its denotation when a 'part' is meant, but not so in the छन्दस् (Vedas).
  50. 5.3.50 षष्ठाष्टमाभ्यां ञ च The affixes ञ (अ) and अन् after 1. षष्ठ and 2. अष्ठम when a 'part' is meant, but not in the छन्दस् (Vedas).
  51. 5.3.51 मानपश्वङ्गयोः कन्लुकौ च After the words 1. षष्ठ and 2. अष्ठम there may come respectively कन् (क) and लुक् elision of the affix when the meaning is a division of a measure called मान or grain or the part of the body of a beast respectively.
  52. 5.3.52 एकादाकिनिच्चासहाये After the word एक comes also the affix आकिनिच् (आकिन्) (the word retaining its denotation) when the sense is 'without a companion'.
  53. 5.3.53 भूतपूर्वे चरट् The affix चर (with the feminine in ङीप्) comes after a प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem), the word retaining its detonation when the meaning is 'this had been before'.
  54. 5.3.54 षष्ठ्या रूप्य च After a प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem) ending in the Genitive 6th-Case comes the affix रूप्य and also चरट् in the sense of 'having belonged formerly to somebody'.
  55. 5.3.55 अतिशायने तमबिष्ठनौ When the sense is that of surpassing, there come the affixes तमप् (तम) and इष्ठन् (इष्ठ) after a प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem) the word retaining its denotation.
  56. 5.3.56 तिङश्च So also after a finite verb, comes the affix तमप् (तम) when 'surpassing' is meant
  57. 5.3.57 द्विवचनविभज्योपपदे तरबीयसुनौ The affixes तरप् (तर) and ईयसुन् (ईयस्) come in the sense of 'surpassing' after a प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem) or a finite-verb when it expresses (comparison between) two things or when that which is added to it (उपपद) is to be distinguished from another.
  58. 5.3.58 अजादी गुणवचनादेव The two affixes beginning with a vowel i.e. ईयस् and इष्ठ are added only after words denoting attributes.
  59. 5.3.59 तुश्छन्दसि The affixes इष्ठन् and इयसुन् come in the छन्दस् (Vedas) after a प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem) ending in तृ.
  60. 5.3.60 प्रशस्यस्य श्रः For प्रशस्य is substituted श्र when the affixes इष्ठन् and इयसुन् follow.
  61. 5.3.61 ज्य च For प्रशस्य is also substituted ज्य when the affixes इष्ठन् and इयसुन् follow.
  62. 5.3.62 वृद्धस्य च ज्य is also substituted for वृद्ध when the affixes इष्ठन् and इयसुन् follow.
  63. 5.3.63 अन्तिकबाढयोर्नेदसाधौ For अन्तिक is substituted नेद and for बाढ is साध when the affixes इष्ठन् and इयसुन् follow.
  64. 5.3.64 युवाल्पयोः कनन्यतरस्याम् Before the affixes इष्ठन् and इयसुन् , कन् is optionally substituted for युवन् and अल्प.
  65. 5.3.65 विन्मतोर्लुक् The affixes विन् and मत् are लुक् elided when इष्ठन् and इयसुन् follow.
  66. 5.3.66 प्रशंसायां रूपप् The affix रूपप् comes without a change of connotation after a stem - nominal or verbal, denoting 'praise'.
  67. 5.3.67 ईषदसमाप्तौ कल्पब्देश्यदेशीयरः The affixes कल्पप् (कल्प), देश्य and देशीयर् (देशीय) come after a nominal or verbal stem which connotes a slight incompleteness.
  68. 5.3.68 विभाषा सुपो बहुच् पुरस्तात्तु Optionally to a declined noun may be added the affix बहुच् (बहु) but it stands before, when the sense is slight incompleteness.
  69. 5.3.69 प्रकारवचने जातीयर् The affix जातीयर् (जातीय) comes after a case-inflected word which expresses 'a speciality'.
  70. 5.3.70 प्रागिवात्कः The affix क governs all sūtras as far as इवे प्रतिकृतौ (5.3.96). adhikāra
  71. 5.3.71 अव्ययसर्वनाम्नामकच् प्राक् टेः For an अव्यय, a सर्वनामशब्द and a तिङ्गन्त word the प्रत्यय 'अकच्' comes just before the 'टि'संज्ञक component of that word under all the प्राग्-इवीय meanings.
  72. 5.3.72 कस्य च दः The letter द is the substitute of the final क् of an indeclinable when the affix अकच् (अक्) is added.
  73. 5.3.73 अज्ञाते The affixes क -- प्रागिवात्कः (5.3.70), and अकच् (अक्) -- अव्ययसर्वनाम्नामकच् प्राक् टेः (5.3.71), come after a word, noun or verb, when something or somebody not known is spoken of.
  74. 5.3.74 कुत्सिते The affixes क -- प्रागिवात्कः (5.3.70), and अकच् (अक्) -- अव्ययसर्वनाम्नामकच् प्राक् टेः (5.3.71), come when the thing is spoken of as contemptible.
  75. 5.3.75 संज्ञायां कन् The affix कन् (क) comes in the above sense of contemptible when the whole word is a Name.
  76. 5.3.76 अनुकम्पायाम् The above affixes come when compassion is denoted.
  77. 5.3.77 नीतौ च तद्युक्तात् Also as an expression of courteousness, the above mentioned affix is added to that by which compassion is shown.
  78. 5.3.78 बह्वचो मनुष्यनाम्नष्ठज्वा The affix ठच् is optionally added to a word of more than two syllables being the name of a human being, as an expression of compassion or of courtesy joined with compassion.
  79. 5.3.79 घनिलचौ च Also the affixes घन् and इलच् come after a word of more than two syllables being the name of a human being when compassion or courtesy joined with compassion is expressed.
  80. 5.3.80 प्राचामुपादेरडज्वुचौ च According to the opinion of Eastern Grammarians the affixes अडच् and वुच् also come after a human name beginning with the word उप.
  81. 5.3.81 जातिनाम्नः कन् The affix कन् is added to a Name of a human being which expresses a special idea when compassion or courtesy is meant.
  82. 5.3.82 अजिनान्तस्योत्तरपदलोपश्च The affix कन् comes in the sense of compassion, after a man-name ending in अजिन and this second member is elided before the affix.
  83. 5.3.83 ठाजादावूर्ध्वं द्वितीयादचः When ठ -- बह्वचो मनुष्यनाम्नष्ठज्वा (5.3.78), or one of the affixes beginning with a vowel -- घनिलचौ च (5.3.79), प्राचामुपादेरडज्वुचौ च (5.3.80), taught above, follows, there is elision of all that portion which comes after the second vowel of the name of a human being.
  84. 5.3.84 शेवलसुपरिविशालवरुणार्यमादीनां तृतीयात् There is elision of that portion of the word which follows the third vowel in the case of a man-name beginning with 1. शेवल 2. सुपरि 3. विशाल 4. वरुण 5. आर्यमान् when the above affixes ठ or those having initial vowel follow.
  85. 5.3.85 अल्पे The above-mentioned affix क -- प्रागिवात्कः (5.3.70), and the rest come in expressing the small quantity or small number of anything.
  86. 5.3.86 ह्रस्वे The above-mentioned affixes क -- प्रागिवात्कः (5.3.70), come in expressing shortness of length or diminutive.
  87. 5.3.87 संज्ञायां कन् The affix कन् comes when the short thing is a Name.
  88. 5.3.88 कुटीशमीशुण्डाभ्यो रः The affix र comes after the words 1. कुटी 2. शमी and 3. शुण्डा when expressing shortness of length.
  89. 5.3.89 कुत्वा डुपच् The affix डुपच् (उप) comes in expressing diminution after the word कुतू 'a jar'.
  90. 5.3.90 कासूगोणीभ्यां ष्टरच् The affix ष्टरच् (तर with feminine -- अन्यतो ङीष् (4.1.40)) comes in expressing diminution after the words 1. कासू and 2. गोणी.
  91. 5.3.91 वत्सोक्षाश्वर्षभेभ्यश्च तनुत्वे The affix ष्टरच् expresses slenderness after the words 1. वत्स 2. उक्षन् 3. अश्व and 4. ऋषव.
  92. 5.3.92 किंयत्तदो निर्द्धारणे द्वयोरेकस्य डतरच् After the words किम् , यद् and तद् in determining of the one out of two, comes the affix डतरच् (अतर with the elision of the final इम् and अद्).
  93. 5.3.93 वा बहूनां जातिपरिप्रश्ने डतमच् The affix डतमच् (अतम with the elision of the last syllable) comes after किम् , यत् and तत् , optionally when the object is the determining of the one out of many, the question being that of caste.
  94. 5.3.94 एकाच्च प्राचाम् After the word एक , according to the opinion of Eastern Grammarians, may be added the affixes डतरच् and डतमच् in the above senses.
  95. 5.3.95 अवक्षेपणे कन् The affix कन् comes after a प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem) in expressing scoffing.
  96. 5.3.96 इवे प्रतिकृतौ The affix कन् means also 'like this' when the imitation of a thing is to be expressed.
  97. 5.3.97 संज्ञायां च The affix कन् comes in the sense of 'like this' when the whole word so formed is a Name.
  98. 5.3.98 लुम्मनुष्ये When in the same way a Man is denoted the affix is elided by लुप् , the word retaining its number and gender.
  99. 5.3.99 जीविकार्थे चापण्ये A similar elision of the affix कन् takes place then also, when the figure is made a means of livelihood, it being presumed, that no traffic is driven thereby.
  100. 5.3.100 देवपथादिभ्यश्च After the words देवपथ etc. there is similar elision of the affix कन् -- इवे प्रतिकृतौ (5.3.96) and संज्ञायां च (5.3.97) expressing an image or a Name.
  101. 5.3.101 वस्तेर्ढञ् The affix ढञ् comes in the sense of 'like this' after वस्ति.
  102. 5.3.102 शिलाया ढः The affix ढ comes in the sense of 'like this' after शिला.
  103. 5.3.103 शाखादिभ्यो यत् The affix यत् comes in the sense of 'like this' after शाखा etc.
  104. 5.3.104 द्रव्यं च भव्ये The word द्रव्य is anomalous meaning 'beautiful'.
  105. 5.3.105 कुशाग्राच्छः The affix छ comes in the sense of 'like this' after the word कुशाग्र.
  106. 5.3.106 समासाच्च तद्विषयात् The affix छ comes, also, only in the sense of 'like this' after a compound noun which contains in itself the force of 'like this'.
  107. 5.3.107 शर्करादिभ्योऽण् The affix अण् comes in the sense of 'like this' after the words शर्करा etc.
  108. 5.3.108 अङ्गुल्यादिभ्यष्ठक् The affix ठक् comes in the sense of 'like this' after the words अङ्गुली etc.
  109. 5.3.109 एकशालायाष्ठजन्यतरस्याम् The affix ठच् also comes optionally after the word एकशाला with the force of 'like this'.
  110. 5.3.110 कर्कलोहितादीकक् The affix ईकक् (ईक) comes in the sense of 'like this' after 1. कर्क and 2. लोहित.
  111. 5.3.111 प्रत्नपूर्वविश्वेमात्थाल् छन्दसि In the छन्दस् (Vedas), the affix थाल् comes in the sense of 'like this' after 1. प्रत्न 2. पूर्व 3. विश्व and 4. इम (इदम्).
  112. 5.3.112 पूगाञ्ञ्योऽग्रामणीपूर्वात् The affix ञ्य is added without changing the connotation, to a word denoting a horde, but not when the word is derived from the name of their leader.
  113. 5.3.113 व्रातच्फञोरस्त्रियाम् The affix ञ्य comes after the name of a wild band after a word ending in च्फाञ् -- गोत्रे कुञ्जादिभ्यश्च्फञ् (4.1.98), without change of sense, but not in the feminine.
  114. 5.3.114 आयुधजीविसंघाञ्ञ्यड्वाहीकेष्वब्राह्मणराजन्यात् To a name expressing multitude living by the trade of arms, is added the affix ञ्यट् when it is the name among वाहीक but not when it is the name of a ब्राह्मण , nor when the word is राजन्य.
  115. 5.3.115 वृकाट्टेण्यण् The affix टेण्यण् comes after the word वृक , a class of persons living by trade of arms.
  116. 5.3.116 दामन्यादित्रिगर्तषष्ठाच्छः The affix छ (ईय) comes without changing the sense after दामिनि etc. and after six warrior-stocks called त्रिगर्त षष्ठा.
  117. 5.3.117 पर्श्वादियौधेयादिभ्यामणञौ The affix अण् comes after पर्शु etc. and the affix अञ् comes after यौधेय etc. without changing the sense when these words denote warrior classes.
  118. 5.3.118 अभिजिद्विदभृच्छालावच्छिखावच्छमीवदूर्णावच्छ्रुमदणो यञ् The affix यण् comes without changing the sense, after the words 1. अभिजित् 2. बिदभृत् 3. शालावत् 4. शिखावत् 5. शामीवत् 6. ऊर्णावत् and 7. श्रुमत् when those words end in the Patronymic affix अण् .
  119. 5.3.119 ञ्यादयस्तद्राजाः The affixes ञ्य etc. -- पूगाञ्ञ्योऽग्रामणीपूर्वात् (5.3.112), etc. are called तद्राजा. saṃjñā

Pāda 5.4 Meaning-preserving affixes; compound finals

Affixes that do not change the sense (svārthika) and the samāsānta affixes added at the end of compounds (5.4.68 to the end of 5.4), which closes the affix section opened at 3.1.1. map →

  1. 5.4.1 पादशतस्य संख्यादेर्वीप्सायां वुन् लोपश्च The affix वुन् comes after the words 1. पाद and 2. शत when preceded by a numeral, the sense being that of distributive relation, and the final of the stem is elided.
  2. 5.4.2 दण्डव्यवसर्गयोश्च Also when the sense is of a punishment or a donation.
  3. 5.4.3 स्थूलादिभ्यः प्रकारवचने कन् The affix कन् comes in the sense of 'like that or speciality', after the words स्थूल etc.
  4. 5.4.4 अनत्यन्तगतौ क्तात् After a participle ending in क्त comes the affix कन् when the meaning is something not yet wholly completed.
  5. 5.4.5 न सामिवचने Not so when a word in the sense of 'half' precedes such participle.
  6. 5.4.6 बृहत्या आच्छादने The affix कन् comes after the word बृहति when it means 'an article of dress'.
  7. 5.4.7 अषडक्षाशितङ्ग्वलंकर्मालम्पुरुषाध्युत्तरपदात् खः The affix ख comes after the words 1. अषडक्ष 2. आशितङ्गु 3. अलंकर्म 4. अलम्पुरुष and after a stem ending in अधि.
  8. 5.4.8 विभाषा अञ्चेरदिक्स्त्रियाम् The affix ख optionally may be added without change of sense to a stem ending in अञ्च् when it does not mean a point of the compass used in the feminine gender.
  9. 5.4.9 जात्यन्ताच्छ बन्धुनि The affix छ (ईय) is added without a change of sense to a stem ending in the word जाति when it means appropriateness.
  10. 5.4.10 स्थानान्ताद्विभाषा सस्थानेनेति चेत् The affix छ (ईय) is optionally added to a stem ending in स्थान if it is compounded with something with which another is made to take an equal place.
  11. 5.4.11 किमेत्तिङव्ययघादाम्वद्रव्यप्रकर्षे To the affixes तर and तम (घ -- तरप्तमपौ घः (1.1.22)) ordained to come after the word किम् -- अतिशायने तमबिष्ठनौ (5.3.55), or after a word ending in ए -- घकालतनेषु कालनाम्नः (6.3.17), or after a finite verb -- तिङश्च (5.3.56), द्विवचनविभज्योपपदे तरबीयसुनौ (5.3.57), or after an indeclinable, is added the affix आम् , but not if the excess belongs to a substance (and not to an action or quality)
  12. 5.4.12 अमु च च्छन्दसि In the छन्दस् (Vedas) the affix अमु (अम्) also is added after the above, under similar circumstances.
  13. 5.4.13 अनुगादिनष्ठक् The affix ठक् comes after the word अनुगादिन , without changing its sense.
  14. 5.4.14 णचः स्त्रियामञ् The affix अण् (अ) comes without changing the sense, after a word ending in the affix णच् (अ) when the word is feminine.
  15. 5.4.15 अणिनुणः The affix अण् (अ) comes without changing the sense, after a stem ending in the affix इणुन्.
  16. 5.4.16 विसारिणो मत्स्ये The affix अण् (अ) is added to the word विसारिन् when a word expressing 'fish' is to be made.
  17. 5.4.17 संख्यायाः क्रियाभ्यावृत्तिगणने कृत्वसुच् The affix कृत्वसुच् is added to a numeral when the repetition of such an action is to be counted.
  18. 5.4.18 द्वित्रिचतुर्भ्यः सुच् The affix सुच् (स्) is added to the numerals 1. द्वि 2. त्रि and 3. चतुर् in the sense of counting the repetition of an action.
  19. 5.4.19 एकस्य सकृच्च The word सकृत् is substituted for एक before the affix सुच् (स्) when an action is to be counted.
  20. 5.4.20 विभाषा बहोर्धाविप्रकृष्टकाले The affix धा is optionally added to the numeral बहु to count the repetition of an action occurring in a not distant period of time.
  21. 5.4.21 तत्प्रकृतवचने मयट् The affix मयट् (मय with the feminine in grave ई) is added to a word in Nominative 1st-Case in construction when the sense is 'made thereof' or 'subsisting therein'.
  22. 5.4.22 समूहवच्च बहुषु When that, whereof something is made or subsists in, is a multitude, then the affixes expressing a great quantity -- तस्य समूहः (4.2.37) etc. may also be used to denote 'made thereof, subsisting therein'. atideśa
  23. 5.4.23 अनन्तावसथेतिहभेषजाञ्ञ्यः The affix ञ्य comes without changing sense, after the words 1. अनन्ता 2. आवसथ 3. इतिह and 4. भेषजा.
  24. 5.4.24 देवतान्तात्तादर्थ्ये यत् After a stem ending in the word देवता being in the Dative -4th Case in construction comes the affix यत् (यं) in the sense of 'appointed for it'.
  25. 5.4.25 पादार्घाभ्यां च The affix यत् (यं) comes after the words 1. पाद and 2. अर्घ being in the Dative -4th Case in construction when the meaning is 'for the purpose of that'.
  26. 5.4.26 अतिथेर्ञ्यः The affix ञ्य comes after अतिथि in the Dative -4th Case in construction, in the sense of 'for the purpose of that'.
  27. 5.4.27 देवात्तल् The affix तल् comes after देव without change of sense.
  28. 5.4.28 अवेः कः The affix क comes after अवि without change of sense.
  29. 5.4.29 यावादिभ्यः कन् The affix कन् comes after the words याव etc. without changing their sense.
  30. 5.4.30 लोहितान्मणौ The affix कन् comes without changing the sense, after लोहित when it means a precious stone.
  31. 5.4.31 वर्णे चानित्ये The affix कन् comes after लोहित when it means color which is not permanent.
  32. 5.4.32 रक्ते The affix कन् comes after the word लोहित meaning a substance dyed red.
  33. 5.4.33 कालाच्च The affix कन् is added to the word काल when it means a passing colour or dyed with colour.
  34. 5.4.34 विनयादिभ्यष्ठक् The affix ठक् comes without changing the sense after the word विनय etc.
  35. 5.4.35 वाचो व्याहृतार्थायाम् The affix ठक् comes after वाच् when it means the purport of the message spoken by another.
  36. 5.4.36 तद्युक्तात् कर्मणोऽण् The affix अण् comes after the word कर्मन् 'occupation' when it occurs in connection therewith (i.e. when it is the result of an oral message or commission).
  37. 5.4.37 ओषधेरजातौ The affix अण् comes after ओषधि when it does not mean a species.
  38. 5.4.38 प्रज्ञादिभ्यश्च The affix अण् comes after the words प्रज्ञ etc. (the words retaining their sense).
  39. 5.4.39 मृदस्तिकन् The affix तिकन् comes after मृद् (the word retaining its sense).
  40. 5.4.40 सस्नौ प्रशंसायाम् The affixes स and स्नौ come after मृद् when it means 'excellence'.
  41. 5.4.41 वृकज्येष्ठाभ्यां तिल्तातिलौ च च्छन्दसि In the छन्दस् (Vedas) the affixes तिल् and तातिल् come after 1. वृक and 2. ज्येष्ठ when excellence is denoted.
  42. 5.4.42 बह्वल्पार्थाच्छस् कारकादन्यतरस्याम् After a word signifying much or little, comes the affix शस् optionally when the word stands in agreement with a verb (as कारक).
  43. 5.4.43 संख्यैकवचनाच्च वीप्सायाम् The affix शस् comes optionally after crude forms denoting numbers and words denoting units of a coin in the singular number when a distributive sense is to be expressed (and the word is a कारक).
  44. 5.4.44 प्रतियोगे पञ्चम्यास्तसिः The affix तसि comes after that Ablative -5th case which is ordained owing to the union with the कर्मप्रवचनीय word प्रति.
  45. 5.4.45 अपादाने चाहीयरुहोः The affix तसि comes after that Ablative -5th case which has the force of an अपादान कारक when this अपादान relation arises owing to the union with the verbs हीय (passive of हा) and रुह.
  46. 5.4.46 अतिग्रहाव्यथनक्षेपेष्वकर्तरि तृतीयायाः The affix तसि comes after that Instrumental -3rd case which does not denote an agent and is governed by a verb having the sense of 'to excel', 'not to give away' and 'to blame'.
  47. 5.4.47 हीयमानपापयोगाच्च And The affix तसि comes optionally after a word ending in the Instrumental -3rd case-affix when such a word is joined to the verb हीय or the noun पाप not denoting an agent.
  48. 5.4.48 षष्ठ्या व्याश्रये The affix तसि comes optionally after a word ending in the Genitive 6th-Case when the sense is that of a party-name or function.
  49. 5.4.49 रोगाच्चापनयने The affix तसि comes optionally after a word denoting a disease ending in the Genitive 6th-Case when the healing of the same is denoted.
  50. 5.4.50 अभूततद्भावे कृभ्वस्तियोगे सम्पद्यकर्तरि च्विः The affix च्वि comes after a word when the agent has attained to the new state expressed by the word, what the thing previously was not and when the verbs कृ 'to make', भू 'to be' and अस् 'to be' are conjoined with it.
  51. 5.4.51 अरुर्मनश्चक्षुश्चेतोरहोरजसां लोपश्च The affix च्वि comes after the words 1. अरुस् 2. मनस् 3. चक्षुस् 4. चेतस् 5. रहस् and 6. रजस् and there is elision of their final consonant.
  52. 5.4.52 विभाषा साति कार्त्स्न्ये The affix साति may be used optionally in the sense of च्वि when something is changed in all its parts into something else.
  53. 5.4.53 अभिविधौ सम्पदा च The affix साति comes after a word in the sense of च्वि when it is in construction with the verb सम्पद् and the meaning is that all things of a kind are changed into something else, though partially.
  54. 5.4.54 तदधीनवचने The affix साति comes after a word expressing 'a master or lord' in the sense of 'dependent upon this' when it is in conjunction with the above verbs 1. कृ 'to make' 2. भू 'to be' 3. अस्ति 'to be' and 4. सम्पद्.
  55. 5.4.55 देये त्रा च The affix त्रा comes in the sense of 'to be given to that' as well as the affix साति , in conjunction with the above verbs 1. कृ 'to make' 2. भू 'to be' 3. अस्ति 'to be' and 4. सम्पद्.
  56. 5.4.56 देवमनुष्यपुरुषपुरुमर्त्येभ्यो द्वितीयासप्तम्योर्बहुलम् After the words 1. देव 2. मनुष्य 3. पुरुष 4. पुरु and 5. मर्त्ये ending in the Accusative -2nd case or Locative -7th case, the affix त्रा is diversely used, having the force of the Accusative -2nd case or Locative -7th case.
  57. 5.4.57 अव्यक्तानुकरणाद्द्व्यजवरार्धादनितौ डाच् The affix डाच् comes after the half of a word denoting an imitation of an inarticulate sound when such half consists of at least two syllables and when it is not followed by the quotation-mark इति.
  58. 5.4.58 कृञो द्वितीयतृतीयशम्बबीजात् कृषौ The affix डाच् comes after the word 1. द्वितीय 2. तृतीय 3. शम्ब and 4. बीज when connected with the verb कृ 'to make' and meaning 'to plough in such a way'.
  59. 5.4.59 संख्यायाश्च गुणान्तायाः The affix डाच् comes after a numeral followed by the word गुण the sense being 'to plough so many times'.
  60. 5.4.60 समयाच्च यापनायाम् The affix डाच् comes after the word समय when कृ 'to make' follows, when the sense is that of 'neglecting'.
  61. 5.4.61 सपत्त्रनिष्पत्रादतिव्यथने The affix डाच् comes after the words 1. सपत्त्र and 2. निष्पत्र followed by the verb कृ 'to make' when the sense is that of causing intense pain.
  62. 5.4.62 निष्कुलान्निष्कोषणे The affix डाच् comes after the word निष्कुल followed by the verb कृ 'to make' when the sense is 'to disembowel'.
  63. 5.4.63 सुखप्रियादानुलोम्ये The affix डाच् comes after the words 1. सुख and 2. प्रिय followed by कृ 'to make' when the meaning is ('to concede', 'gratify') 'to go with the grain'.
  64. 5.4.64 दुःखात् प्रातिलोम्ये The affix डाच् comes after the word दुःख followed by कृ 'to make' when the sense is that of roasting.
  65. 5.4.65 शूलात् पाके The affix डाच् comes after the word शूल followed by कृ 'to make' when the sense is that of roasting.
  66. 5.4.66 सत्यादशपथे The affix डाच् comes after the word सत्य followed by कृ 'to make' when not meaning 'to swear'.
  67. 5.4.67 मद्रात् परिवापणे The affix डाच् comes after the word मद्र followed by कृ 'to make' in the sense of 'to shave'.
  68. 5.4.68 समासान्ताः The following affixes are added to the ends of compounds without changing their sense. adhikāra
  69. 5.4.69 न पूजनात् The समासान्त affixes are not applied to those words whose first member is a word expressing praise.
  70. 5.4.70 किमः क्षेपे The समासान्त affix is not applied to a word preceded by किम् in the sense of reproach.
  71. 5.4.71 नञस्तत्पुरुषात् The समासान्त affix does not come after a तत्-पुरुष समास of words like राजन् etc. herein taught, when the negative particle न precedes them.
  72. 5.4.72 पथो विभाषा The समासान्त affix does not optionally come after a तत्-पुरुष समास of the word पथिन् with नञ् .
  73. 5.4.73 बहुव्रीहौ संख्येये डजबहुगणात् The affix डाच् comes after a बहुव्रीहि समास denoting numeral except when the last term of such समास is बहु and गण.
  74. 5.4.74 ऋक्पूरब्धूःपथामानक्षे The affix अ comes after 1. ऋक् 2. पुर् 3. अप् 4. धुर् and 5. पथिन् when finals is compound, but not so when धुर् is in conjunction with अक्ष.
  75. 5.4.75 अच् प्रत्यन्ववपूर्वात् सामलोम्नः The affix अच् comes after the words 1. सामन् and 2. लोमन् when 1. प्रति 2. अनु and 3. अव precede them.
  76. 5.4.76 अक्ष्णोऽदर्शनात् The affix अच् comes after the word अक्षि when not meaning 'the eye'.
  77. 5.4.77 अचतुरविचतुरसुचतुरस्त्रीपुंसधेन्वनडुहर्क्सामवाङ्मनसाक्षिभ्रुवदारगवोर्वष्ठीवपदष्ठीवनक्तंदिवरात्रिंदिवाहर्दिवसरजसनिःश्रेयसपुरुषायुषद्व्यायुषत्र्यायुषर्ग्यजुषजातोक्षमहोक्षवृद्धोक्षोपशुनगोष्ठश्वाः The following words are irregularly formed by adding the affix अच् - 1. अचतुर 2. विचतुर 3. सुचतुर 4. स्त्री-पुंसौ 5. धेन्वनडुहौ 6. ऋक्सामे 7. वाङ्मनसे 8. अक्षिभ्रुवम् 9. दार-गवम् 10. ऊर्वष्ठीवम् 11. पदष्ठीवम् 12. नक्तं-दिवम् 13. रत्रिंदिवम् 14. अहर्दिवम् 15. सरजसम् 16. निः-श्रेयसम् 17. पुरुषा-युषम् 18. द्व्यायुषम् 19. त्र्या-युषम् 20. ऋ-यजुषम् 21. जातोक्षः 22. महो-क्षः 23. वृद्धो-क्षः 24. उपशुनम् 25. गोष्ठश्वाः.
  78. 5.4.78 ब्रह्महस्तिभ्याम् वर्च्चसः The affix अच् comes after the word वर्चस् when preceded in a compound by the words ब्रह्म or हस्ति.
  79. 5.4.79 अवसमन्धेभ्यस्तमसः The affix अच् comes after the word तमस् when preceded by the words 1. अव 2. सम् 3. अन्ध in a compound.
  80. 5.4.80 श्वसो वसीयःश्रेयसः The affix अच् comes after the words 1. वसीयस् and 2. श्रेयस् when they follow the word श्वस् in a compound.
  81. 5.4.81 अन्ववतप्ताद्रहसः The affix अच् comes after the word रहस् when it follows 1. अनु 2. अव and 3. तप्त in a compound.
  82. 5.4.82 प्रतेरुरसः सप्तमीस्थात् The affix अच् comes after the word उरस् when it follows the word प्रति in a compound and has the sense of the Locative.
  83. 5.4.83 अनुगवमायामे The word अनुगव is irregularly formed by adding the affix अच् and has the sense of 'suited to the length of the cows'.
  84. 5.4.84 द्विस्तावा त्रिस्तावा वेदिः The words 1. द्विस्तावा and 2.त्रिस्तावा are irregularly formed meaning a वेदि 'altar'.
  85. 5.4.85 उपसर्गादध्वनः The affix अच् comes after the word अर्धवन् preceded by an उपसर्ग (Preposition) in a compound.
  86. 5.4.86 तत्पुरुषस्याङ्गुलेः संख्याव्ययादेः The affix अच् comes after a तत्-पुरुष समास ending in the word अङ्गुलि when a numeral or an indeclinable precedes it.
  87. 5.4.87 अहस्सर्वैकदेशसंख्यातपुण्याच्च रात्रेः The affix अच् comes after the word रात्रि when preceded by अहन् or सर्व or a word denoting a portion of night, or संख्यात or पुण्य when the compound is a तत्-पुरुष as well as when a numeral or an indeclinable precedes रात्रि.
  88. 5.4.88 अह्नोऽह्न एतेभ्यः For अहन् is substituted अह्न when preceded by the above words (अहन् or सर्व or a word denoting a portion of night, or संख्यात or पुण्य) (and taking the affix टच् to be mentioned in राजाऽहस्सखिभ्यष्टच् (5.4.91)).
  89. 5.4.89 न संख्यादेः समाहारे This substitution of अह्न for अहन् does not take place after a numeral when it forms a collective noun meaning a number of days taken as a unity.
  90. 5.4.90 उत्तमैकाभ्यां च And also after the word that stands last in the above list (i.e. पुण्य) and एक this substitution does not take place.
  91. 5.4.91 राजाहस्सखिभ्यष्टच् The affix टच् is added to the words 1. राजन् 2. अहन् and 3. सखि when standing at the end of a तत्-पुरुष समास .
  92. 5.4.92 गोरतद्धितलुकि The affix टच् comes after गो standing at the end of a तत्-पुरुष समास when no elision of a तद्धित-affix has taken place in forming such a समास .
  93. 5.4.93 अग्राख्यायामुरसः The affix टच् comes after the word उरस् standing at the end of a तत्-पुरुष समास when it has the sense of 'the most excellent of its kind'.
  94. 5.4.94 अनोऽश्मायस्सरसाम् जातिसंज्ञयोः The affix टच् comes after 1. अनस् 2. अश्मन् 3. अयस् and 4. सरस् when at the end of a तत्-पुरुष समास it denotes a genus or a name.
  95. 5.4.95 ग्रामकौटाभ्यां च तक्ष्णः The affix टच् comes after तक्ष when preceded by 1. ग्राम and 2. कौट in a तत्-पुरुष समास .
  96. 5.4.96 अतेः शुनः The affix टच् comes after the word श्वन् preceded by अति in a तत्-पुरुष समास .
  97. 5.4.97 उपमानादप्राणिषु The affix टच् comes after the word श्वन् ending in a तत्-पुरुष समास when another thing not being a living object is compared with it.
  98. 5.4.98 उत्तरमृगपूर्वाच्च सक्थ्नः The affix टच् comes after सक्थि when preceded by 1. उत्तर 2. मृग 3. पूर्व in a तत्-पुरुष समास as well as when a thing is compared with it.
  99. 5.4.99 नावो द्विगोः The affix टच् comes after the word नौ when at the end of a द्विगु समास (Numeral Determinative Compound).
  100. 5.4.100 अर्धाच्च The affix टच् comes after the word नौ when preceded by the word अर्ध in a तत्-पुरुष समास .
  101. 5.4.101 खार्याः प्राचाम् To the word खारी , at the end of a द्विगु समास (Numeral Determinative Compound) and to the same, when preceded by the word अर्ध in a तत्-पुरुष समास the affix टच् is added, according to the opinion of the Eastern Grammarians.
  102. 5.4.102 द्वित्रिभ्यामञ्जलेः The affix टच् is added to the word अञ्जलि when preceded by 1. द्वि or 2. त्रि in a द्विगु तत्-पुरुष समास (Numeral Determinative Compound).
  103. 5.4.103 अनसन्तान्नपुंसकाच्छन्दसि In the छन्दस् (Vedas) the affix टच् comes after a तत्-पुरुष समास in Neuter Gender ending in अन् or अस्.
  104. 5.4.104 ब्रह्मणो जानपदाख्यायाम् The affix टच् comes after the word ब्रह्मण in a तत्-पुरुष समास when the compound denotes a person belonging to a certain country.
  105. 5.4.105 कुमहद्भ्यामन्यतरस्याम् The affix टच् comes optionally after the word ब्रह्मण preceded by the words 1. कु and 2. महत् in a तत्-पुरुष समास .
  106. 5.4.106 द्वन्द्वाच्चुदषहान्तात् समाहारे The affix टच् comes after a द्वन्द समास denoting in a palatal or a द् or ष् or ह् when the compound is a समाहार द्वन्द (collective noun taken as a unity).
  107. 5.4.107 अव्ययीभावे शरत्प्रभृतिभ्यः The affix टच् comes after the words शरत् etc. when forming an अव्ययीभाव समास .
  108. 5.4.108 अनश्च The affix टच् comes after an अव्ययीभाव समास ending in अम् as the final of a compound.
  109. 5.4.109 नपुंसकादन्यतरस्याम् The affix टच् comes optionally after an अव्ययीभाव समास ending with a neuter word whose final syllable is अऩ्.
  110. 5.4.110 नदीपौर्णमास्याग्रहायणीभ्यः The affix टच् comes optionally after an अव्ययीभाव समास ending in 1. नदी 2. पौर्णमासी and 3. आग्रहायणि.
  111. 5.4.111 झयः The affix टच् comes optionally after an अव्ययीभाव समास ending in a letter of झय् class (a mute letter).
  112. 5.4.112 गिरेश्च सेनकस्य The affix टच् comes after an अव्ययीभाव समास ending in गिरि according to the opinion of the Grammarian सेनक.
  113. 5.4.113 बहुव्रीहौ सक्थ्यक्ष्णोः स्वाङ्गात् षच् The affix षच् comes after the words 1. सक्थि and 2. अक्षि , final in a बहुव्रीहि समास and denoting a portion of one's body.
  114. 5.4.114 अङ्गुलेर्दारुणि The affix षच् comes after a बहुव्रीहि समास ending in the word अङ्गुलि when the compound means 'a piece of wood'.
  115. 5.4.115 द्वित्रिभ्यां ष मूर्ध्नः The affix ष comes after a बहुव्रीहि समास ending in मूर्ध्न् and preceded by 1. द्वि and 2. त्रि.
  116. 5.4.116 अप् पूरणीप्रमाण्योः The affix अप् comes after a बहुव्रीहि समास ending in a feminine ordinal numeral or in the word प्रमाणी.
  117. 5.4.117 अन्तर्बहिर्भ्यां च लोम्नः The affix अप् comes after a बहुव्रीहि समास ending in लोमन् and preceded by 1. अन्तर and 2. बहिस्.
  118. 5.4.118 अञ्नासिकायाः संज्ञायां नसं चास्थूलात् The affix अच् is added to the word नासिका final in a बहुव्रीहि समास when it expresses a name whereby नस् is substituted for नासिका , but not so when the word स्थूल precedes the word नासिका.
  119. 5.4.119 उपसर्गाच्च The affix अच् comes after the word नासिका final in a बहुव्रीहि समास when an उपसर्ग (Preposition) precedes it and नस् is substituted for नासिका.
  120. 5.4.120 सुप्रातसुश्वसुदिवशारिकुक्षचतुरश्रैणीपदाजपदप्रोष्ठपदाः The following बहुव्रीहि-s are irregularly formed by adding अच् - 1. सु-प्रात 2. सु-श्व 3. सु-दिव 4. शारिकुक्ष 5. चतुरश्र 6. एणी-पद 7. अज-पद and 8. प्रोष्ठ-पद.
  121. 5.4.121 नञ्दुःसुभ्यो हलिसक्थ्योरन्यतरस्याम् The affix अच् comes optionally after the words 1. हलि and 2. सक्थि final in a बहुव्रीहि समास when preceded by a negative particle or by the words 1. दुस् and 2. सु.
  122. 5.4.122 नित्यमसिच् प्रजामेधयोः The affix असिच् (अस्) comes invariably after 1. प्रजा and 2. मेधा final in a बहुव्रीहि समास when the above particles 1. नञ् 2. दुस् and 3. सु precede them.
  123. 5.4.123 बहुप्रजाश्छन्दसि The form बहुप्रजास् is valid in the Vedas.
  124. 5.4.124 धर्मादनिच् केवलात् The affix अनिच् (अन्) comes after the word धर्म when it is the last member of a बहुव्रीहि समास and is itself the only word without any other word joined with it or when the first member is a single word.
  125. 5.4.125 जम्भा सुहरिततृणसोमेभ्यः The word जम्भन् stands at the ending of a बहुव्रीहि समास when preceded by 1. सु 2. हरित 3. तृण and 4. सोम.
  126. 5.4.126 दक्षिणेर्मा लुब्धयोगे The form दक्षिणेर्मन् is an irregularly formed बहुव्रीहि समास when used in conjunction with a hunter.
  127. 5.4.127 इच् कर्मव्यतिहारे The affix इच् comes after a बहुव्रीहि समास when the compound denotes the reciprocity of an action.
  128. 5.4.128 द्विदण्ड्यादिभ्यश्च The words द्विदण्डि etc. are valid forms of इच्.
  129. 5.4.129 प्रसम्भ्यां जानुनोर्ज्ञुः After the words प्र and सम् there is the substitution of ज्ञु for जानु when forming the बहुव्रीहि समास .
  130. 5.4.130 ऊर्ध्वाद्विभाषा The substitution of ज्ञु for जानु when the word ऊर्धव precedes it.
  131. 5.4.131 ऊधसोऽनङ् The syllable अनङ् is the substitute of the final ऊधस् in a बहुव्रीहि समास .
  132. 5.4.132 धनुषश्च The अनङ् is the substitute of the final of धनुस् in a बहुव्रीहि समास .
  133. 5.4.133 वा संज्ञायाम् The substitution of अनङ् does not optionally take place when the बहुव्रीहि समास is a name.
  134. 5.4.134 जायाया निङ् For the final of जाया is substituted निङ् in a बहुव्रीहि समास .
  135. 5.4.135 गन्धस्येदुत्पूतिसुसुरभिभ्यः For the final of गन्ध is substituted इ when preceded by 1. उत् 2. पूति 3. सु and 4. सुरभि in a बहुव्रीहि समास .
  136. 5.4.136 अल्पाख्यायाम् The इ is substituted for the final अ of गन्ध at the end of a बहुव्रीहि समास when गन्ध means 'a little'.
  137. 5.4.137 उपमानाच्च The इ is substituted for the final अ of गन्ध at the end of a बहुव्रीहि समास when preceded by a word denoting a thing with which it is compared.
  138. 5.4.138 पादस्य लोपोऽहस्त्यादिभ्यः The final अ of पाद is elided when it is at the end of a बहुव्रीहि समास preceded by a word denoting a thing with which it is compared but not so when such word is हस्ति etc.
  139. 5.4.139 कुम्भपदीषु च The words कुम्भपदी etc. have been formed by the similar elision of the अ of पाद.
  140. 5.4.140 संख्यासुपूर्वस्य The final अ of पाद is elided also when a numeral or the word सु precedes it in a बहुव्रीहि समास .
  141. 5.4.141 वयसि दन्तस्य दतृ For दन्त is substituted दत् in a बहुव्रीहि समास when a numeral or सु precedes it and the whole word expresses a stage of life i.e. an age.
  142. 5.4.142 छन्दसि च For दन्त is substituted दत् in the छन्दस् (Vedas) when final in a बहुव्रीहि समास .
  143. 5.4.143 स्त्रियां संज्ञायाम् For दन्त is substituted दत् when in the feminine gender denoting a name.
  144. 5.4.144 विभाषा श्यावारोकाभ्याम् Optionally दत् is substituted for दन्त in a बहुव्रीहि समास when it is preceded by the words श्याव and अरोक.
  145. 5.4.145 अग्रान्तशुद्धशुभ्रवृषवराहेभ्यश्च The substitution of दत् for दन्त is optional in a बहुव्रीहि समास when it is preceded by a word ending in 1. अग्र or by 2. शुद्ध 3. शुभ्र and 4. वराह.
  146. 5.4.146 ककुदस्यावस्थायां लोपः The final letter of ककुद is dropped in a बहुव्रीहि समास when it denotes age or condition of animals.
  147. 5.4.147 त्रिककुत् पर्वते The बहुव्रीहि word त्रिककुद् formed by the elision of the final अ of ककुद is the name of a mountain.
  148. 5.4.148 उद्विभ्यां काकुदस्य After उत् and वि the final of काकुद is elided in a बहुव्रीहि समास .
  149. 5.4.149 पूर्णाद्विभाषा After पूर्ण the final of काकुद is optionally elided in a बहुव्रीहि समास .
  150. 5.4.150 सुहृद्दुर्हृदौ मित्रामित्रयोः The words सुहृत् and दुहृत् are irregularly formed बहुव्रीहि समास denoting 'a friend' and 'a foe' respectively.
  151. 5.4.151 उरःप्रभृतिभ्यः कप् The affix कप् comes after उरस् etc. final in a बहुव्रीहि समास .
  152. 5.4.152 इनः स्त्रियाम् The affix कप् is added to a बहुव्रीहि समास the last member of which ends in इन् when a feminine word is denoted
  153. 5.4.153 नद्यृतश्च The affix कप् is added to a बहुव्रीहि समास the last member of which is a feminine word ending in long ई or ऊ defined as नदी words or which ends in a short ऋ.
  154. 5.4.154 शेषाद्विभाषा After all other बहुव्रीहि समास not covered by the foregoing rules, may optionally be added the affix कप्.
  155. 5.4.155 न संज्ञायाम् The affix कप् does not come after a बहुव्रीहि समास when a name is meant.
  156. 5.4.156 ईयसश्च The affix कप् does not come after a बहुव्रीहि समास the last member of which ends in the affix ईयस्.
  157. 5.4.157 वन्दिते भ्रातुः The affix कप् does not come after a बहुव्रीहि समास ending in the word भ्रातृ when it means 'praised'.
  158. 5.4.158 ऋतश्छन्दसि The affix कप् does not come after a बहुव्रीहि समास ending in short ऋ in the छन्दस् (Vedas).
  159. 5.4.159 नाडीतन्त्र्योः स्वाङ्गे The affix कप् does not come after the words नाडी and तन्त्री final in a बहुव्रीहि समास when they mean organs of the body.
  160. 5.4.160 निष्प्रवाणिश्च The word निष्प्रवाणि is irregularly formed without adding the affix कप् though the last word is a नदी word.

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