5.2.67
उदराट्ठगाद्यूने
Operational rule vidhi
The affix ठक् comes in the sense of 'voracious' after the word उदर.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context उदरात् pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term prathamā · ekavacanaRight context आद्यूने saptamī · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Pink letters are it-markers (anubandhas), tags dropped by 1.3.9. Hover or tap one for the rule that marks it, or try the it-letter finder.
Full reading
उदरात् ठक् आद्यूने
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix ठक् comes in the sense of 'voracious' after the word उदर।
The translation given above is according to Dr. Bohtlingk. According to the Kasika, the anuvritti of प्रसित is also read into this sutra. The meaning then would be thak comes after the word udara in the seventh case in construction, in the sense of 'who is devoted therein', when the word so formed means "voracious". A person who is very much distressed by hunger is so called; उदरेऽविजिगीषुर्भण्यते ॥ Thus उदरे प्रसितः = औदरिकः (i.e. आद्यूनः).
Why do we say when it means 'voracious'? Observe उदरकः 'abdominal'.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.