5.3.112
पूगाञ्ञ्योऽग्रामणीपूर्वात्
Operational rule vidhi
The affix ञ्य is added without changing the connotation, to a word denoting a horde, but not when the word is derived from the name of their leader.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context पूगात् pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term ञ्यः prathamā · ekavacanaLeft context अग्रामणीपूर्वात् pañcamī · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
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Full reading
पूगात् ञ्यः अग्रामणीपूर्वात्
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix ञ्य is added without changing the connotation, to a word denoting a horde, but not when the word is derived from the name of their leader.
The anuvritti of इव ceases. The word पूग means a crowd of men of various castes, having no fixed livelihood, connected together with the object of acquiring wealth &c. Thus लौहध्वज्यः 'the trident bannered horde'. dual लौहध्वज्यौ, pl. लौहध्वजाः ॥ Similarly, शैब्यः, शैब्यौ, शिबयः, चातक्यः, चातक्यौ, चातकाः ॥ In the plural, the affix is elided by 2.4.62.
Why do we say अग्रामणीपूर्वात् ? Observe देवदत्तकाः 5.2.78 'a horde whose leader is Devadatta'. From this sutra commence the तद्राज affixes &c, the affixes that have the sense of 'King thereof'. The affix ञ्य, therefore, has this meaning also viz. 'the leader of the horde'.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.