5.2.97
सिध्मादिभ्यश्च
Operational rule vidhi
The affix लच् comes in the sense of मतुप् after the words सिध्म etc. and optionally after मतुप् also.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context सिध्मादिभ्यः pañcamī · bahuvacanaIndeclinable च avyaya
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
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Full reading
सिध्मादिभ्यः च
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix लच् comes in the sense of मतुप् after the words सिध्म etc. and optionally after मतुप् also.
Thus सिध्मलः or सिध्मवान्, गडुलः or गडुवान् ॥ The word अन्यतरस्याम् understood in this sutra, causes the employment of the affix मतुप् in the alternative. It does not mean that the affix लच् is optional. For were लच् optional, then the affix इनि and ठन् would come by 5.2.115 after those words of सिध्मादि class which end in अ. But that is not the case.
Vart:- The words पार्ष्णि and धमनि lengthen the vowel before ल, as पार्ष्णीलः, धमनीलः ॥
Vart:- The words वात, दन्त, बल, ललाट and गल take the augment ऊङ् before लच्, as वातूलः, दन्तूलः, बलूलः, ललाटूलः, गलूलः ॥
Vart:- The word जटा, घटा, कटा and कला take लच्, when censure is meant, as जटालः, घटालः, कलालः and कटालः, but जटावांस्तापसः when no censure is meant.
Vart:- This affix comes after words denoting lower organisms, and word denoting disease: as यूकालः मक्षिकालः, विचर्चिकालः, विपादिकालः, मूर्छालः ॥
1 सिध्म, 2 गडु, 3 मणि, 4 नाभि, 5 बीज (जीव), 6 वीणा, 7 कृष्ण, 8 निष्पाव, 9 पांसु, 10 पार्श्व, 11 पर्शू (परशु), 12 हनु, 13 सक्तु, 14 मांस, 15 पार्ष्णिधमन्यो दीर्घश्च 16 वातदन्तबललाटानामूङ् च 17 जटाघटाकटाकलाः (कटा) क्षेपे, 18 पर्ण, 19 उदक, 20 प्रज्ञा, 21 सष्कि, (सक्थि) 22 कर्ण, 23 स्नेह, 24 शीत, 25 श्याम, 26 पिङ्ग, 27 पित्त, 28 पुष्क (शुष्क), 29 पृथु, 30 मृदु, 31 मञ्जु, 32 मण्ड, 33 पत्र, 34 चटु, 35 कपि, 36 गण्डु (कण्डु), 37 ग्रन्थि, 38 श्री, 39 कुश, 40 धारा, 41 वर्ष्मन्, 42 पक्ष्मन्, 43 श्लेष्मन्, 44 पेश, 45 निष्पाद्, 46 कुण्ड, 47 क्षुद्रजन्तूपतापयोश्च 48 गण्ड, 49 संज्ञा ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.