5.2.109
केशाद्वोऽन्यतरस्याम्
Operational rule vidhi
The affix व comes optionally with the force of मतुप् .
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context केशात् pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term वः prathamā · ekavacanaRight context अन्यतरस्याम् saptamī · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
केशात् वः अन्यतरस्याम्
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix व comes optionally with the force of मतुप् ।
Though the word अन्यतरस्याम् was understood here from 5.2.96 (see sutra 5.2.97; its repetition shows that in the alternative we have not only मतुप् but the affixes इनि and ठन् 5.2.115 also. Thus we have four forms: केशवः, केशी, केशिकः and केशवान् ॥
Vart:- The affix व is seen after other words also. As मणिवः 'a kind of serpent', हिरण्यवः 'a kind of gem', कररावः, कुमारवः, राजीवम्, कुञ्जावः, इष्टकावः ॥
Vart:- The final of अर्णस् is elided before व, as अर्णवः ॥
Vart:- In the Chhandas, the affixes ई, वनिप्, व and मतुप् come in the sense of मतुप् ॥ Thus ईः- रथीरभून् मुद्गलानी गविष्टौ (रथीः), सुमङ्गलीरियं वधूः; वनिप् :- मघवानमीमहे; व and मतुप्, as उद्वा or उद्वती ॥
Vart:- The affixes इरन् and इरच् come respectively after मेधा and रथः as, मे꣡धिरः, रथिरः ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.