5.1.48
पूरणार्धाट्ठन्
Operational rule vidhi
The affix ठञ् (+/- इक) comes in the same sense of 'an interest, or a rent, or a profit, or a tax,or a bribe given thereby or therein' after a word denoting an ordinal and after the word अर्ध.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context पूरण- अर्धात् pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term prathamā · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
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Full reading
पूरण-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix ठञ् (+/- इक) comes in the same sense of 'an interest, or a rent, or a profit, or a tax,or a bribe given thereby or therein' after a word denoting an ordinal and after the word अर्ध।
This debars ठक् and टिठन् ॥ Thus द्वितीयो वृद्ध्यादिरस्मिन् दीयते = द्वितीयिकः, तृतीयिकः, पंचमिकः, सप्तमिकः, अर्द्धिकः ॥ The word अर्द्ध is technically the name of रूपकार्ध ।
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.