5.1.123
वर्णदृढादिभ्यः ष्यञ् च
Operational rule vidhi
The affixes ष्यञ् and इमनिच् come in the sense of 'nature thereof' after a word denoting colour and after the words दृढ etc.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context वर्णदृढादिभ्यः pañcamī · bahuvacanaSubstitute / term ष्यञ् prathamā · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyaya
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
वर्णदृढादिभ्यः ष्यञ् च
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affixes ष्यञ् and इमनिच् come in the sense of 'nature thereof' after a word denoting colour and after the words दृढ etc.
Thus शुक्लस्य भावः = शौक्ल्यम्, शुक्लिमन्, शुक्लत्व, शुक्लता, कार्ष्ण्यम्, कृष्णिमन्, कृष्णत्वम्, कृष्णता; दार्ढ्यम्, द्रढिमन् (nom. ०मा), दृढत्वम्, दृढता ॥
The ष् of ष्यञ् shows that the feminine is formed by ङीष् 3.1.41. As औचित्यः fem. औचिती 6.4.148 and 6.4.150.
1 दृढ, 2 वृढ, 3 परिवृढ, 4, भृश, 5 कृश, 6 वक्र (चक्र), 7 शुक्र, 8 चुक्र, 9 आम्र 10 कृष्ट, (आकृष्ट), 11 लवण, 12 ताम्र, 13 शीत, 14 उष्ण, 15 जड, 16 बधिर, 17 पण्डित 18 मधुर, 19 मूर्ख, 20 मूक, 21 वेर्यातलातमतिमनःशारदानाम् (लाभ is also read The affix shyan is added to compounds ending in yata &c preceded by vi, as, वियातत्वम्, वियायता, वियातिमा, वौयात्यं; विलाभत्वं, विलाभता, विलाभिमा, वौलाभ्यं, विमतित्वं, विमतिता, विमतिमा, वैमत्यं and वैमतं 5.1.131; विमनस्त्वं, विमनस्ता, विमनिमा, वैमनस्यं and विशारदत्वं, विशारदता, विशारदिमा, वैशारदम्) ॥ 22 समो, मतिमनसो, (The words mati and manas preceded by sam take shyan, as संमतित्वं, संमतिता, &c). 23 जवन. 24 अम्ल, 25 बाल, 26 तरुण, 27 मन्द, 28 स्थिर, 29 बहुल, 30 दीर्घ ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.