5.4.92
गोरतद्धितलुकि
Operational rule vidhi
The affix टच् comes after गो standing at the end of a तत्-पुरुष समास when no elision of a तद्धित-affix has taken place in forming such a समास .
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context गोः pañcamī · ekavacanaRight context अ- - saptamī · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
गोः अ-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix टच् comes after गो standing at the end of a तत्-पुरुष समास when no elision of a तद्धित-affix has taken place in forming such a समास ।
Thus परमगवः, उत्तमगवः, पंचगवम्, दशगवम् ॥ Why do we say "when no Taddhita affix has been elided in forming the compound?" Observe, पंचभिर्गोभिः क्रीतः = पंचगुः (Here the affix ठक् 5.1.37 is elided by 5.1.28 and hence the samasanta affix टच् is not added). So also दशगुः ॥
Why do we say "when a Taddhita is elided"? The prohibition does not apply when a सुप् affix is elided : as राजगवमिच्छति = राजगवीयति 3.1.8 and 2.4.71.
Why do we say 'when there is elision' ? Merely adding a Taddhita affix in forming a Tatpurusha, will not debar the samasanta affix: as पंचभ्यो गोभ्य आगतं = पंचगो + टच् + रुप्य (the tach is added by this sutra, and the taddhita रुप्य to denote तत आगतः by 4.3.81) = पंचगवरुप्यम्, पंचगवमयम्, दशगवरुप्यम् दशगवमयम् ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.