5.1.131
इगन्ताच्च लघुपूर्वात्
Operational rule vidhi
The affix अण् comes in the sense of 'nature or action thereof' after a stem ending in इक् (इ ई उ ऊ ऋ or ऌ) when the preceding syllable is prosodially light.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context इगन्तात् pañcamī · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyayaLeft context लघुपूर्वात् pañcamī · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
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Full reading
इगन्तात् च लघुपूर्वात्
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix अण् comes in the sense of 'nature or action thereof' after a stem ending in इक् (इ ई उ ऊ ऋ or ऌ) when the preceding syllable is prosodially light.
Thus शुचेर्भावः कर्म वा = शौचम्, मौनम् (मुनि), नागरम् (नगर), हारितकम् (हरीतकी) पाटवम् (पटु), लाघवम् (लघु). Why do we say लघुपूर्वात् 'the preceding syllable being light'? Observe कण्डूत्वम्, पाण्डुत्वम् ॥ Why काव्यम् from कवि? The word कवि takes ष्यञ् as belonging to Brahmanadi class 5.1.124.
N. B. The word anta in the Sutra may will be dispensed with. The aphorism laghupurvad ikah will give the same meaning.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.