5.4.52
विभाषा साति कार्त्स्न्ये
Operational rule vidhi
The affix साति may be used optionally in the sense of च्वि when something is changed in all its parts into something else.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Substitute / term prathamā · ekavacanaWord साति Right context कार्त्स्न्ये saptamī · ekavacana
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Word Case not marked in the source data.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
साति कार्त्स्न्ये
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix साति may be used optionally in the sense of च्वि when something is changed in all its parts into something else.
The whole phrase "when the agent has attained to a state it previously had not and the verbs kri, bhu and asti are in conjunction", is understood here. The affix साति is employed when the original is changed in its totality (कृत्स्न). Thus अग्निसाद् भवति शस्त्रम् "the whole weapon is in a blaze-- has become fire". We may also say अग्नी भवति शस्त्रम् ॥ So also उदकसाद् भवति लवणम् or उदकी भवति लवणम् "The salt becomes all water".
Why do we say "in its totality"? Observe एकदेशेन पटः शुक्ली भवति "the cloth whitens in part".
The word "optionally" shows that the affix chvi also comes in the same sense. While the optional affixing of these terminations chvi, sati &c is governed by the Maha-vibhasha of sutra 4.1.82 (see 5.3.1.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.