5.2.130
वयसि पूरणात्
Operational rule vidhi
The affix इनि (इन्) comes in the sense of मतुप् after an ordinal numeral when age is denoted.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context वयसि saptamī · ekavacanaLeft context पूरणात् pañcamī · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
वयसि पूरणात्
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix इनि (इन्) comes in the sense of मतुप् after an ordinal numeral when age is denoted.
Thus पञ्चमोऽस्यास्ति मासः संवत्सरो वा = पंचमिन् 'five months or years old', as पंचमी उष्ट्रः ॥ Similarly नवमी, दशमी &c. By 5.2.115 the affix इनि would have come after these words; the present sutra is a restrictive rule teaching that ठन् does not come in this sense.
Why do we say वयसि 'when age is denoted'? Observe, पंचमवान् ग्रामरागः ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.