5.4.100
अर्धाच्च
Operational rule vidhi
The affix टच् comes after the word नौ when preceded by the word अर्ध in a तत्-पुरुष समास .
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context अर्धात् pañcamī · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyaya
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
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Full reading
अर्धात् च
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix टच् comes after the word नौ when preceded by the word अर्ध in a तत्-पुरुष समास ।
Thus अर्द्धं नावः = अर्द्धनावम् ॥ The compounding takes place by 2.2.2. The compound is of neuter gender, and does not take the gender of the term as required by 2.4.26: for gender is regulated by usage more than any grammatical rules (लोकाश्रयत्वं लिङ्गस्य) ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.