5.2.128 द्वन्द्वोपतापगर्ह्यात् प्राणिस्थादिनिः

Word by word (padaccheda)

Left context - उपताप- गर्ह्यात् pañcamī · ekavacanaLeft context प्राणिस्थात् pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term इ ः prathamā · ekavacana

Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.

Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.

Pink letters are it-markers (anubandhas), tags dropped by 1.3.9. Hover or tap one for the rule that marks it, or try the it-letter finder.

Full reading

-उपताप-गर्ह्यात् प्राणिस्थात् इनिः

Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.

Commentary

The affix इनि (इन्) comes in the sense of मतुप् after a द्वन्द compound after the name of a disease and after anything denoting fault when the thing is found in a living being.
Thus Dvandva:-- कटकवलयिनी 'a woman having a bracelet and a zone', शङ्खनूपुरिणी 'a woman having sankha and nupur ornaments'. So after diseases: कुष्ठी 'a leper', किलासी 'a white leper'. So after names of faults:- ककुदावर्ती, काकतालुकी ॥

Why do we say 'when found in a living being ?' Observe पुष्पफलवान् वृक्षः ॥ The affix, according to a Vartika, does not come after words denoting members of a living body: as, पाणिपादवती ॥ The word अतः 5.2.115, is understood in this sutra, so that the affix does not come after words not ending in अ; as चित्रकललाटिकावती ॥ Though Dvandva compounds &c. ending in अ, would have taken इनि by 5.2.115, the repetition of this affix in the present sutra shows that Dvandva compounds &c, take only इनि, and not ठन् &c.

Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.