5.2.87
सपूर्वाच्च
Operational rule vidhi
The affix इनि (इन्) comes in the sense of 'by whom something is done' after the word पूर्व, also when another word precedes it.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context सपूर्वात् pañcamī · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyaya
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
सपूर्वात् च
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix इनि (इन्) comes in the sense of 'by whom something is done' after the word पूर्व, also when another word precedes it.
Thus कृतपूर्वी कटम् = पूर्वं कृतमनेन 'who formerly made'. भुक्तपूर्वी ओदनम् ॥
In these words, first कृत and पूर्व are compounded by 2.1.4; and then the affix is added. These two sutras 5.2.86, 5.2.87, give rise to these two maxims ग्रहनवता प्रातिपदिकेन तदन्तविधिर्नास्ति "that which cannot possibly be anything but a Pratipadika or Nominal-stem, does, (contrary to (l. 1.72)) not denote that which ends with it, but it denotes only itself." व्यपदेशिवद्भावोऽप्रातिपदिकेन "The rule of vyapadesivad-bhava does not apply to a pratipadika". That rule is embodied in the following paribhasha- व्यपदेशिवदेकस्मिन् -- "an operation which affects some thing on account of some special designation, which for certain reasons attaches to the latter, affects likewise that which stands alone and to which therefore, just because the reasons for it do not exist, that special designation does not attach".
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.