5.1.28
अध्यर्धपूर्वद्विगोर्लुगसंज्ञायाम्
Operational rule vidhi
The affix having the senses taught up to (5.1.63), is elided by लुक् after a stem beginning with the word अध्यर्ध , and after a द्विगु compound, when it is not in a name.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target अध्यर्धपूर्व- द्विगोः ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term prathamā · ekavacanaRight context असंज्ञायाम् saptamī · ekavacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
अध्यर्धपूर्व-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
अध्यर्धपूर्व-
Replace adhyardhapūrva-dvigoḥ with luk when asaṃjñāyām follows. Inherited words (anuvṛtti) may add further conditions.
Commentary
The affix having the senses taught up to 5.1.63, is elided by लुक् after a stem beginning with the word अध्यर्ध , and after a द्विगु compound, when it is not in a name.
The word आर्हात् is understood here also. Thus अध्यर्द्धकंसम्, द्विकंसम्, अध्यर्द्धशूर्पम्, द्विशूर्पम्, त्रिकंसम् , त्रिशूर्पम् ॥ Here the affixes टिठन् and अञ् are elided.
Though in the words द्विशूर्पम् &c. the affix is elided, it is only so when the affixing of the taddhita occasions a Dvigu compounding 2.1.51 such as in द्वाभ्यां शूर्पाभ्यां क्रीतं = द्विशूर्पम् ॥ Here the resultant is a Dvigu compound. But in forming tertiary derivatives the affix is not elided, as द्विशूर्पेण क्रीतं = द्विशौर्पिकम् ॥ Hence the following rule: द्विगोर्लुकि तन्निमित्तग्रहणम् ॥ See 4.1.88, 5.1.20 ॥
Why do we say असंज्ञायाम् 'when not a Name'? Observe पांचलोहितिकम् or पंचलौहितिकम् and पांचकलायिकम् being names of certain measures. The feminine word लोहिनी is changed into the masculine by the Vartika भस्याढे तद्धिते given under 6.3.35.
The word अध्यर्द्ध is a Sankhya (See 1.1.23), and a word beginning with it will be a Dvigu compound. Its separate mention in this sutra may appear superfluous. It is however so mentioned, in order to indicate (jnapaka) that this word is not always a Sankhya. Thus for the purposes of the application of the affix कृत्वसूच् 5.4.17, this word is not a sankhya.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.