5.2.107
ऊषसुषिमुष्कमधो रः
Operational rule vidhi
The affix र comes after the words 1. ऊष 2. सुषि 3. मुष्क and 4. मधु with the force of मतुप्.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context ऊष- सुषि- मुष्क- मधः pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term रः prathamā · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
ऊष-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix र comes after the words 1. ऊष 2. सुषि 3. मुष्क and 4. मधु with the force of मतुप्।
Thus ऊषरं क्षेत्रम् 'a barren soil, impregnated with usha or salt'. सुषिरं काष्ठं 'a perforated wood i. e. containing सुषि or hole'. मुष्करः वशुः 'a beast having testicles or mushka'. मधुरो गुडः 'sweet sugar'. The word इति shows that the words formed with र are names of certain things. Therefore it will not apply here ऊषोऽस्मिन् घटे विद्यते 'there is salt in this pot', we cannot say ऊषरो घटः, nor मधुरो घटः for मध्वस्मिन् घटे विद्यते ॥
Vart:- The affix र comes after ख, मुख and कुञ्ज, as खमस्यास्ति कण्डविवरं महत् = खरः 'an ass, lit. having a wide throat'. मुखमस्यास्ति इति सर्वस्मिन् वक्तव्ये = मुखरः 'talkative', कुञ्जावस्य स्तः = कुञ्जरः 'an elephant having tusks'. The word कुञ्ज means the tusk of an elephant or the lower jaw of an elephant. The word कुञ्जर is a common name for all elephants.
Vart:- The affix र comes after नग, पांसु and पाण्डु, as नगरम् 'a city, lit. having trees (naga = tree)', पांसुरम्, पाण्डुरम् ॥
Vart:- So also after कच्छू, the vowel being shortened: as कच्छुरम् ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.