5.4.107
अव्ययीभावे शरत्प्रभृतिभ्यः
Operational rule vidhi
The affix टच् comes after the words शरत् etc. when forming an अव्ययीभाव समास .
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context saptamī · ekavacanaLeft context शरत्प्रभृतिभ्यः pañcamī · bahuvacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
शरत्प्रभृतिभ्यः
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix टच् comes after the words शरत् etc. when forming an अव्ययीभाव समास ।
Thus शरदः समीपम् = उपशरदम्, प्रतिशरदम्, उपविपाशम्, प्रतिविपाशम् ॥
Why do we say when forming an Avyayibhava compound? Observe परमशरत् ॥ Those words of शरदादि class which end in a झय् consonant add invariably (नित्य) the affix tach in spite of 5.4.111. The anuvritti of avayayibhava extends upto 5.4.113.
1 शरद्, 2 विपाश्, 3 अनस्, 4 मनस्, 5 उपानह्, 6 अनडुह्, 7 दिव्, 8 हिमवत्, 9 हिरुक्, 10 विद्, 11 सद्, 12 दिश्, 13 दृश्, 14 विश्, 15 चतुर्, 16 त्यद्, 17 तद्, 18 यद्, 19 कियत्, 20 जराया जरस् च (as उपजरसम्), 21 प्रतिपरसमनुभ्योऽक्ष्णः (as प्रत्यक्षं, परोक्षः, समक्षम्, and अन्वक्षम्, The second is Tatpursha) 22 पथिन्, 23 सदृश् ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.