5.1.80
तमधीष्टो भृतो भूतो भावी
Operational rule vidhi
The above affixes come after a word expressing time in the Accusative -2nd case in construction in the senses of 'solicited to instruct for such a period or which will last so long'.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Object तम् dvitīyā · ekavacanaSubstitute / term अधीष्टः prathamā · ekavacanaSubstitute / term भृतः prathamā · ekavacanaSubstitute / term भूतः prathamā · ekavacanaSubstitute / term भावी prathamā · ekavacana
- Object Dvitīyā (2nd case).
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
तम् अधीष्टः भृतः भूतः भावी
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The above affixes come after a word expressing time in the Accusative -2nd case in construction in the senses of 'solicited to instruct for such a period or which will last so long'.
The word अधीष्ट means "honorary office", therefore 'one solicited to teach, but who accepts no pay' 3.3.161, भृतः means "engaged on wages", भूतः means 'the time pervaded or occupied by its existence', and भावी the same as last in the future. The word denoting time will be in the second case by 2.3.5. Thus मासमधीष्टः = मासिकोऽध्यापकः, so also मासंभृतः = मासिकः कर्मकरः, मासंभूतः = मासिको व्याधिः, मासंभावी = मासिक उत्सवः ॥
Q. The solicitation (अध्येषण) and hiring (भरण) only take a short time, how can these acts extend over a month ?
A. It is not these acts, but their results which extend over a month, such as, teaching and serving.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.