5.1.122
पृथ्वादिभ्य इमनिज्वा
Operational rule vidhi
The affix इमनिच् (इमन्) comes optionally in the sense of 'nature thereof' after the words पृथु etc.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context पृथ्वादिभ्यः pañcamī · bahuvacanaSubstitute / term इम prathamā · ekavacanaIndeclinable वा avyaya
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Pink letters are it-markers (anubandhas), tags dropped by 1.3.9. Hover or tap one for the rule that marks it, or try the it-letter finder.
Full reading
पृथ्वादिभ्यः इमनिच् वा
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix इमनिच् (इमन्) comes optionally in the sense of 'nature thereof' after the words पृथु etc.
The word वा 'optionally' is employed with the intention of securing admission for the affixes अण् &c. Thus पृथोर्भावः = प्रथिमन् nom. प्रथिमा (पृथु + इमन् = पृथ् + इमन् 6.4.155 = प्रथ् + इमन् 6.4.161 = प्रथिमा), or पार्थवम् by 5.1.131. So also म्रदिमा or मार्दवम् ॥ The उ of पृथु and मृदु is elided by 6.4.115, and र is substituted for ऋ by 6.4.161. Of course, the affixes त्व and तल् come here also as, पृथुत्वम्, मृदुत्वम्, पृथुता, मृदुता ॥
1 पृथु, 2 मृदु, 3 महत्, 4 पटु, 5 तनु, 6 लघु, 7 बहु, 8 साधु, 9 आशु (आसु !), 10 उरु (ऊरु), 11 गुरु, 12 बहुल, 13 खण्ड, 14 दण्ड, 15 चण्ड, 16 अकिंचन, 17 बाल, 18 होड, 19 पाक, 20 वत्स, 21 मन्द, 22 स्वादु, 23 हृस्व, 24 दीर्घ, 25 प्रिय, 26 वृष, 27 ऋजु, 28 क्षिप्र, 29 क्षुद्र, 30 अणु, 31 वेणु (!).
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.