5.3.35
एनबन्यतरस्यामदूरेऽपञ्चम्याः
Operational rule vidhi
The affix एनप् (एन) comes optionally after the words 1. उत्तर and 2. दक्षिण in the sense of अस्ताति, when the limit indicated is not remote and when it is not a substitute of the Ablative -5th case affix.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Substitute / term एनप् prathamā · ekavacanaRight context अन्यतरस्याम् saptamī · ekavacanaRight context अदूरे saptamī · ekavacanaLeft context अपञ्चम्याः pañcamī · ekavacana
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
एनप् अन्यतरस्याम् अदूरे अपञ्चम्याः
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix एनप् (एन) comes optionally after the words 1. उत्तर and 2. दक्षिण in the sense of अस्ताति, when the limit indicated is not remote and when it is not a substitute of the Ablative -5th case affix.
The affix अस्ताति and the other affixes taught above come with the force of locative, ablative and nominative. The एनप् comes with the force of locative and nominative and not that of ablative. The adverbs so formed refer to objects not at a distance. Thus उत्तरेण or उत्तरात् or उत्तरतो वसति or रमणीयम् ॥ Similarly अधरेण, अधरात्, अधस्ताद् वसति &c, so also दक्षिणेन, दक्षिणात्, दक्षिणतो वसति &c, 'He lives near by in the north-ward or southward'. Why do we say 'when not denoting distance'. Observe उत्तराद्वस्ति 'he lives far away in the north'. Why do we say 'when not having the force of ablative'? Observe उत्तरादागतः 'come from the north'.
The word अपञ्चम्याः governs all the succeeding sutras upto 5.3.39, exclusive. Some do not read उत्तर &c into this sutra: according to them this is a general rule applicable to all words denoting direction. As पूर्वेण ग्रामम्, अपरेण ग्रामम् 2.3.31. The प् in enap is for the sake of accent 3.1.4.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.