5.1.22
संख्याया अतिशदन्तायाः कन्
Operational rule vidhi
The affix (-/- -क) comes after a Numeral, when it does not end with ति or शत् , in the sense of the affix being that taught hereafter up to (5.1.63)
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context संख्याया pañcamī · ekavacanaLeft context अ- ति- शद्- अन्तायाः pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term क prathamā · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Pink letters are it-markers (anubandhas), tags dropped by 1.3.9. Hover or tap one for the rule that marks it, or try the it-letter finder.
Full reading
संख्याया अ-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix (-/- -क) comes after a Numeral, when it does not end with ति or शत् , in the sense of the affix being that taught hereafter up to 5.1.63
The word आर्हात् is to be read into this sutra also. The word संख्या is defined in (l. 1.23). This कन् debars ठञ् ॥ Thus पंचभिः क्रीतः = पंचकः, बहुकः, गणकः ॥
Why do we say 'when it does not end in ति or शत्'? Observe सा꣡प्ततिकः चा꣡त्वारिशतकः formed by ठञ् ॥ But why कतिकः is formed by कन् and not by ठञ् or ठक्, as the word कति also ends in ति? The word कति is formed by adding the affix डति, while the rule applies to the numerals which in their primitive state end with ति such as सप्ततिः, अशीतिः, विंशति &c. Here apply the two maxims अर्थवद्ग्रहणे नानर्थकस्य 'a combination of letters capable of expressing a meaning denotes whenever it is employed in Grammar, that combination of letters in so far as it possesses that meaning, but it does not denote the same combination of letters void of a meaning;' and निरनुबन्धक ग्रहणे न सानुबन्धकस्य 'when a term void of Anubandhas is employed in Grammar, it does not denote that which has an Anubandha attached to it'. Therefore when ति is taken, it does not mean डति॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.