2.4.71
सुपो धातुप्रातिपदिकयोः
Operational rule vidhi
A सुप् प्रत्यय that comes as a part of a धातु or a प्रातिपदिक is removed.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaTarget - ṣaṣṭhī · dvivacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
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Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
There is लुक् elision of the case-affix of a word when it gets the name of धातु 'root' or is of a crude form.
A noun is changed into a root (धातु) when it is made a denominative verb. As पुत्रीयति 3.1.8 he wishes for a son of his own. A noun which forms part of a compound becomes a crude-form (1.2. 46); as कष्टश्रितः 'having recourse to pain.' राजपुरुषः 'king's man.' In all these examples, the case affixes have been elided.
Thus पुत्रम् इच्छति = पुत्रीयति, here the 2nd case-affix is elided. कष्टश्रितः = कष्टश्रित &c.
Why do we say 'when it gets the name of : धातु or प्रातिपदिक ?
Because when it gets any other name, such as अङ्क &c., the case-affix is not elided. Thus वृक्षः, प्लक्षः ।
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.