4.3.81
हेतुमनुष्येभ्योऽन्यतरस्यां रूप्यः
Operational rule vidhi
The affix रूप्य denotes that which from something has originated when it is added to a word denoting 'cause' or to the name of a man viewed as a cause.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context - मनुष्येभ्यः pañcamī · bahuvacanaRight context अन्यतरस्याम् saptamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term रूप्यः prathamā · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
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Full reading
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Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix रूप्य denotes that which from something has originated when it is added to a word denoting 'cause' or to the name of a man viewed as a cause.
The word मनुष्य is used meaning 'men as causes.' हेतु means cause or instrument. Thus समादागतं = समरूप्यम् or समीयम् by छ of 4.2.138 meaning 'what proceeds from a like cause.' So also विषमरूप्यम् or विषमीयम् ॥ So of men also देवदत्तरूप्यम् or दैवदत्तम् 4.1.83 'what originates with देवदत्तः', यज्ञदत्तरूप्यम् or यज्ञदत्तम् ॥
The word हेतुमनुष्येभ्यः is in the plural in the sutra, indicating that svarupavidhi 1.1.68 does not apply here.
In denoting हेतु, there is employed the Instrumental case as taught in 2.3.23: and according to the jnapaka in the present sutra, the Ablative case may also be employed in denoting a हेतु, ॥ Or the use of the ablative case in the sense of हेतु, may be explained by 2.3.25.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.