8.3.47
अधःशिरसी पदे
Operational rule vidhi
While doing a समास, if the पूर्वपद is either the word अधः or the word शिरः and if the the उत्तरपद the word पद, then then the विसर्ग of the पूर्वपद is converted to सकार. However, if the पूर्वपद is itself a समास, then this सकारादेश does not happen.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Substitute / term अधः- शिरसी prathamā · dvivacanaRight context saptamī · ekavacana
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
अधः-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
For the विसर्ग of अधस् or शिरस् when not preceded by another word and followed by the word पद in composition with it, there is substituted स्।
Thus अधस्पदम्, शिरस्पदम् ॥ अधस्पदी, शिरस्पदी ॥
The word समासे is understood in this, therefore not here अधः पदम् ॥
The word अनुत्तरपदस्थस्य is also understood here. Therefore not in the following परमशिरः पदम् ॥
The word अधस्पदम् is a compound formed under Mayuravyansakadi class.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.