8.3.46
अतः कृकमिकंसकुम्भपात्रकुशाकर्णीष्वनव्ययस्य
Operational rule vidhi
While doing a समास, if all the following conditions are met - 1. the पूर्वपद ends in a विसर्ग that follows an अकार, 2. the उत्तरपद is either a form of the verb 'कृ', or a form of the verb 'कमि' or is one of these words - कंस/कुम्भ/पात्र/कुशा/कर्णी 3. पू्र्वपद is not an अव्यय 4. पू्र्वपद is not a समास - then the विसर्ग of the पूर्वपद is converted to सकार.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context अतः pañcamī · ekavacanaRight context कृ- कमि- कंस- कुम्भ- पात्र- कुशा- कर्णीषु saptamī · bahuvacanaTarget अनव्ययस्य ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
अतः कृ-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
For the विसर्ग of a word ending in अस् with the exception of an indeclinable, स् is substituted in a compound when a form of कृ and कम् or the words 1. कंस 2. कुम्भ 3. पात्र 4. कुशा and 5. कर्णी follow and the first word is not preceded by another word.
Thus कृ :- अयस्कारः, पयस्कारः 3.2.1 कम् :- अयस्कामः, पयस्कामः, कंस :- अयस्कंसः, पयस्कंसः, कुम्भः, - अयस्कुम्भः पयस्कुम्भः ॥ So also अयस्कुम्भी पयस्कुम्भी, on the maxim प्रातिपदिकग्रहणे लिङ्गविशिष्टस्यापि ग्रहणं भवति ॥ पात्र :- अयस्पात्रम्, पयस्पात्रम्, अयस्पात्री, पयस्पात्री कुशा :- अयस्कुशा, पयस्कुशा ॥ कर्णी :- अयस्कर्णी, पयस्कर्णी ॥ The form शुनस्कर्णः belongs to Kaskadi class 8.3.48.
Why do we say अतः "a visarga preceded by short अ, or the visarga of the word ending in अः"? See गीःकारः, धूःकारः ॥ Why do we say 'preceded by short अ'? Observe भाःकरणम् ॥ The form भास्करः belongs to Kaskadi class 8.3.48. See also 3.2.2.
Why do we say "with the exception of an Indeclinable"? Observe श्वःकारः, पुनःकारः ॥
The word समासे is understood here also. Therefore not here; यशः करोति पयः करोति, यशः कामयते ॥
The word अनुत्तरपदस्थस्य is also to be read in this. Therefore not here, परमपयः कारः, परमपयः कामः ॥
Question: The word कंस need not have been taken, because it is a form of the root कम्, since it is derived from कम् by adding the Unadi affix स (III.62 Unadi)?
Answer:- The employment of कंस indicates the existence of the following maxim:- उणादयोऽव्युत्पन्नानि प्रातिपदिकानि "Words which end with उण् &c. are crude-forms that do not undergo or cause such operations as would depend on their etymological formation."
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.