4.1.24
पुरुषात् प्रमाणेऽन्यतरस्याम्
Operational rule vidhi
The affix ङीप् is not optionally used after a द्विगु समास (Numeral Determinative Compound) where the तद्धित affix is elided when the compound ends in the word पुरुष , referring to 'measure'.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context पुरुषात् pañcamī · ekavacanaRight context प्रमाणे saptamī · ekavacanaRight context अन्यतरस्याम् saptamī · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
पुरुषात् प्रमाणे अन्यतरस्याम्
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix ङीप् is not optionally used after a द्विगु समास (Numeral Determinative Compound) where the तद्धित affix is elided when the compound ends in the word पुरुष , referring to 'measure'.
Thus द्विपुरुषा or द्विपुरुषी परिखा 'a mote two purusha wide' so also त्रिपुरुषी or त्रिपुरुषा &c. The present sutra ordains an option where 4.1.22 would have made the prohibition universal. Why do we say 'when referring to measure'? Observe द्विपुरुषा 'a female purchased in exchange for two males'; No option is allowed here. Where the Taddhita affix is not elided, the present rule does not apply. Therefore in Samahara Dvigu we have द्विपुरुषी or त्रिपुरुषी ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.