4.1.22
अपरिमाणबिस्ताचितकम्बल्येभ्यो न तद्धितलुकि
Operational rule vidhi
The affix ङीप् is not used when a तद्धित affix is elided after a द्विगु समास (Numeral Determinative Compound) ending in a word not denoting a mass or measure; or in 1. बिस्त 2. आचित or 3. कम्बल्य.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context अ- परिमाण- बिस्त- आचित- कम्बल्येभ्यः pañcamī · bahuvacanaIndeclinable न avyayaRight context - saptamī · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
अ- परिमाण- बिस्त- आचित- कम्बल्येभ्यः न -
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix ङीप् is not used when a तद्धित affix is elided after a द्विगु समास (Numeral Determinative Compound) ending in a word not denoting a mass or measure; or in 1. बिस्त 2. आचित or 3. कम्बल्य।
This debars 'nip' which otherwise would have presented itself by virtue of the last sutra. The words बिस्तः 'a weight of gold equal to 80 Raktikas', आचितम् 'a measure of 10 cart-loads or 80,000 tolahs'; and कम्बल्यः 'a measure', all denote measure; and are the only words expressing measure to which this rule applies. The word परिमाण means 'measure', as distinguished from संख्या 'a Numeral', See 5.1.19, &c.
Thus पञ्चाश्व is a Dvigu compound, meaning 'purchased for five horses.' Here the Taddhita affix ठञ् 5.1.37 giving the sense of 'purchased with' has been elided by 5.1.28. This compound does not end in a word denoting parimana techincally so called or a measure. The feminine of this word will not be formed by ङीप् but by टाप्, thus, पञ्चश्वा 'a female purchased for five horses'.
The words denoting 'time' or 'number' are not words denoting 'measure' as understood in this sutra by the word 'parimana'. Thus, द्विवर्षा, 'a two years old female child', त्रिवर्षा 'a three years old female child' (V. 2.37 Vart.) So also द्विशता 'a female purchased for two hundreds', similarly त्रिशता ॥ So also with the words बिस्त &c. As द्विबिस्ता 'purchased for two bistas', त्रिबिस्ता, द्व्याचिता, त्र्याचिता, द्विकम्बल्या, and त्रिकम्बल्या, &c.
Why do we say 'not ending in a word denoting a Parimana or a 'measure'? Observe द्व्याढकी, त्र्याढकी "a female purchased for two or three adhaka". Here adhaka means a measure equal to 7 Ib. II oz. avoir.
Why do we say 'when a Taddhita affix is elided'? In 'Samahara Dvigu' compounds, the affix 'nip' will apply. Thus पञ्चाश्वी 'an aggregate of five horses', so also दशाश्वी ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.