4.1.25
बहुव्रीहेरूधसो ङीष्
Operational rule vidhi
The affix ङीप् is used in the feminine after a बहुव्रीहि समास ending in the word ऊधस् 'an udder'.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context बहुव्रीहेः pañcamī · ekavacanaLeft context ऊधसः pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term ङीष् prathamā · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
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Full reading
बहुव्रीहेः ऊधसः ङीष्
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix ङीप् is used in the feminine after a बहुव्रीहि समास ending in the word ऊधस् 'an udder'.
Thus the Bahuvrihi compound of कुण्ड 'a bowl' and ऊधस् will be कुण्डोधस्; then the final of udhas is replaced by the substitute अनङ् 5.4.131; thus we have कुण्डोधन्; which would have been liable to the rules 4.1.12, 4.1.13 ante ; the present ¬sutra enjoins ङीष् instead. Thus कुण्डोध्नी 6.4.134 'a woman with full bosom'; घटोध्नी 'a cow with udders like jars'.
Why do we say 'after a Bahuvrihi compound'? Observe प्राप्ता ऊधः = प्राप्तोधाः 2.2.4 which is a Tatpurusha compound.
The Sutra 4.1.28 also is debarred in this case: for though the penultimate अ is elided by the 6.4.134, yet rule 4.1.28 does not apply here.
The substitution of अन् for the final of ऊधस् takes place only then, when the feminine nature is to be expressed and not otherwise. Therefore in the masculine we have महोधा पर्जन्यः 'the big-bosomed cloud'.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.