3.2.67
जनसनखनक्रमगमो विट्
Operational rule vidhi
The affix विट् (the whole of which is elided) comes in the छन्दस् (Vedas) after the verbs 1. जन् 'to be born' 2. सन् 'to bestow' 3. खन् 'to dig' 4. क्रम् 'to pace' 5. गम् 'to go' when a word ending in case-affix is in composition and the final nasals are changed into long आ.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context जन- सन- खन- क्रम- गमः pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term prathamā · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.
Pink letters are it-markers (anubandhas), tags dropped by 1.3.9. Hover or tap one for the rule that marks it, or try the it-letter finder.
Full reading
जन-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix विट् (the whole of which is elided) comes in the छन्दस् (Vedas) after the verbs 1. जन् 'to be born' 2. सन् 'to bestow' 3. खन् 'to dig' 4. क्रम् 'to pace' 5. गम् 'to go' when a word ending in case-affix is in composition and the final nasals are changed into long आ।
The words छन्दसि, उपसर्गे and सुपि are understood in this sutra. The verb जन् includes two verbs meaning 'to be born' and 'to happen'; so also सन् means both 'to give' and 'to worship'.
Of the affix विट् the letter ट् is indicatory, and is qualifying, as in 6.4.41, by which rule the final nasal of जन्, सन् &c. is replaced by long आ when the affix विट् follows, and the whole affix is elided by 6.1.67.
As अप् + जन् + विट् = अब्जाः (Rig. Ved. (VII.34.16)) 'born in water' 6.4.41; गोषाः 'born in the heaven i.e. God' (Rig. Veda (IV. 40.5)). So also from सन् - गोषाः 'acquiring or bestowing cows' 8.3.108; गोषा इन्द्रो नृषा असि 'O Indra bestower of cows! thou art lover of mankind' (Rig. Veda (IX. 2.10)). From खन् — विसखाः 'digger of lotus stalk'; कपूखाः 'digger of well'. From क्रम् - दधिक्राः 'who gets milk' (Rig. (IV. 39. I)) and (40.5). From गम् — अग्रेगा उन्नेतॄणाम् 'the leader'.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.