6.4.41
विड्वनोरनुनासिकस्यात्
Operational rule vidhi
A stem ending in a nasal and followed by the affix विट् or वन् always substitutes for long आ for its nasal.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context विट्- वनोः saptamī · dvivacanaTarget ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaLeft context आत् pañcamī · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
विट्-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
A stem ending in a nasal and followed by the affix विट् or वन् always substitutes for long आ for its nasal.
Thus अब्जाः, गोजाः, ऋतजाः, अद्रिजाः, गोषाः (e. g. गोषा इन्द्रोनृषा असि Rig V.), कूपखाः, शतखाः, सहस्रखाः, दधिकाः, अग्रेगा उन्नेतणाम् ॥ The affix विट् (which is totally elided) is added under 3.2.67. The स of सन् is changed to ष by 8.3.108. in गोषा ॥ With the affix वन् we have the following :-- विजावा, अग्रेजावा 3.2.75. The repetition of the word अनुनासिक in this sutra shows that the limitation of anudattopadesa &c. which applied to the अनुनासिक of sutra 6.4.37 does not apply here.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.