3.1.103
अर्यः स्वामिवैश्ययोः
Operational rule vidhi
The word अर्य is irregularly formed when meaning 'lord' and a वैश्य.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Substitute / term अर्यः prathamā · ekavacanaRight context स्वामि- वैश्ययोः saptamī · dvivacana
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
अर्यः स्वामि-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The word अर्य is irregularly formed when meaning 'lord' and a वैश्य।
The word अर्य is irregularly formed when meaning 'lord' and a 'Vaisya'.
The root ऋ 'to go', would have taken ण्यत् by sutra 124 of this chapter; but it takes यत् when the sense of the word formed by it is that of a 'lord' or a man of 'Vaisya' caste. As अर्यः स्वामी, 'honored lord', अर्ये वैश्यः 'honored Vaisya'.
Vart: Though by 6.1.213, the affix यत् makes the udatta accent fall on the first syllable of the word, yet in the case of the word अर्य, when it means 'lord', the accent falls on the last syllable.
Why do we say 'when it means a lord or a Vaisya'? Otherwise the root takes the affix ण्यत्; as आर्यो ब्राह्मणः 'the respectable Brahmana'.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.