3.1.104
उपसर्या काल्या प्रजने
Operational rule vidhi
The word उपसर्या is irregularly formed when meaning what has reached the time favourable to conception or ripe for fruition.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Substitute / term उपसर्या prathamā · ekavacanaSubstitute / term काल्या prathamā · ekavacanaRight context प्रजने saptamī · ekavacana
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
उपसर्या काल्या प्रजने
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The word उपसर्या is irregularly formed when meaning what has reached the time favourable to conception or ripe for fruition.
The word उपसर्या is formed by adding यत् affix to the root सृ 'to move', compounded with the preposition उप. The word काल्या means having reached the time. The word प्रजन means the first conception. Thus उपसर्या गौः 'the cow fit for the bull'; उपसर्या वडवा 'the mare fit for the horse'.
Why do we say 'when meaning what has reached the time favorable to conception'? Otherwise the affix ण्यत् will be used; as उपसर्या शरदि मधुरा 'Madhura is approachable in Sarat season'.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.