8.1.28
तिङ्ङतिङः
Operational rule vidhi
A finite verb is unaccented when a word precedes it which is not a finite verb.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Substitute / term prathamā · ekavacanaLeft context अतिङः pañcamī · ekavacana
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
अतिङः
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
A finite verb is unaccented when a word precedes it which is not a finite verb.
Thus देवदत्तः प॒च॒ति॒ ॥ Why do we say "a finite verb"? Observe नीलमुत्पलम्, शुक्लं वस्त्रम् ॥
Why do we say 'when the preceding word is not a finite verb'? Observe भवति प꣡चति 'the act of cooking exists' = पाक क्रिया भवति ॥ Here the word भवति is a finite verb, therefore the verb pachati does not lose its accent. So also तरनिरिज् ज॒य॒ति॒, क्षो꣡ति, पु꣡ष्यति 'successful he conquers, rules, thrives', अस्म꣡भ्यां जे॒षि॒ यो꣡त्सिच "for us conquer and fight". The word अतिङः is in one sense redundant, because in one simple sentence, two finite verbs cannot be employed; one sentence consists of one finite verb only. But the very fact of this sutra indicates that the condition of समानवाक्य does not apply to this sutra; so that the two words need not be portions of the same sentence, for the application of this nighata: as we have already explained in 8.1.19. Other examples are: are अग्निमी॒डे॒ पुरोहितं (Rig Veda. 1.1. 1). स इद्देवेषु꣡ ग॒च्छ॒ति॒ (Rig Veda. I.I.4), अग्ने꣡ सूपायनो꣡ भ॒व॒ (Rig Veda. V. 1.1), य꣡जमानस्य प꣡शून् पा॒हि॒ ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.