7.3.10
उत्तरपदस्य
Heading adhikāra उत्तरपदस्य इत्यधिकारः
This is an अधिकार, which spans till 'यथातथयथापुरयोः पर्यायेण' 7.3.31. Whatever is being told in this अधिकार happens only to an उत्तरपद.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Of उत्तरपदस्य ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacana
- Of Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): "of X". In this kind of sūtra it marks a relation, not a substitution.
Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
उत्तरपदस्य
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
Up to यथातथयथापुरयोः पर्यायेण 7.3.31 inclusive, the substitution of वृद्धि will take place for the first vowel of the second member in a compound.
This is an adhikara sutra, and exerts governing influence upto 7.3.32 exclusive. The phrase "of the second member of the compound" should be supplied in all those sutras, to complete the sense. Thus in 7.3.11, the word उत्तरपदस्य should be supplied. As पूर्ववार्षिकं, अपरवार्षिकम्, पूर्वहैमनम्, अपरहैमनम् ॥
In those sutras, where the word denoting the first member is not exhibited in the Ablative case, as in 7.3.18, 7.3.19, 7.3.20, 7.3.21, the present sutra is absolutely necessary for causing the vriddhi of the second member. But in those sutras, where the first member is exhibited in the ablative case, as in 7.3.11 (अवयवात्), there this sutra is only explanatory (and not absolutely necessary), and serves also the purpose of placing such vriddhis under the category of 'uttarapada-vriddhi'. This peculiar vriddhi is liable to certain rules of accent, as in 6.2.105. Hence the importance of the present aphorism in those sutras also, where the word is exhibited in the fifth case.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.