6.4.42

जनसनखनां सञ्झलोः

Operational rule vidhi

The long आ is substituted for the final of जन् , सन् and खन् before the consonant beginning Desiderative affix सन् and before any other affix beginning with a इल् consonant which has an indicatory क् or ङ्.

Word by word (padaccheda)

Target जन- सन- खनाम् ṣaṣṭhī · bahuvacanaRight context सन्- saptamī · dvivacana
  • Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
  • Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").

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Full reading

जन-सन-खनाम् सन्-

Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.

Commentary

The long आ is substituted for the final of जन् , सन् and खन् before the consonant beginning Desiderative affix सन् and before any other affix beginning with a झल् consonant which has an indicatory क् or ङ्।
Thus जातः, जातवान्, जातिः, सातः, सातवान्, सातिः, सिषासति; खातः, खातवान्, खातिः ॥ In जन् and खन् the Desiderative does not begin with a consonant, but takes the augment इट्, the न् is not therefore elided, as जिजनिषति, चिखनिषति ॥ In the case of the root सन्, the Desiderative takes इ, so we have two forms सिषासति and सिसनिषति 7.2.49. The Desiderative has, therefore, been mentioned in the aphorism, only for the sake of the root सन् ॥

If the phrase सन्झलोः be taken to mean 'the Desiderative beginning with a consonant', then we should read the anuvritti of झालि क्ङिति from the preceding sutras, to complete the sense of this; and if the phrase means "when the Desiderative of a jhaladi affix follows", then we should qualify the word Desiderative by the word jhal from the preceding sutras. Or we may divide the sutra into two (1) Before a कित् or ङित् jhaladi affix long आ is the substitute of the न् of 'jan', 'san' and 'khan'. (2) And so is the case, when the Desiderative affix follows, not having the augment इ, for then also the न् of 'jan', 'san' and 'khan' is replaced by long आ ॥

The न् of the root सन् would have required elision by 6.4.37, because this verb belongs to Tanadi class, still the आ substitution taught in this sutra takes place, by preference, on the maxim of विप्रतिषेधे परं कार्यम् 1.4.2. In fact, though in this section of asiddha 6.4.22 one rule is considered as asiddha for the purposes of the operations of another rule, yet one rule supersedes another by the maxim of vipratisedha. That that maxim applies in this section also, is to be inferred from the employment of the term हल् in 6.4.66, which supersedes the lopa of आ taught in 6.4.64, and substitutes instead the long ई ॥

Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.

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