6.4.113
ई हल्यघोः
Operational rule vidhi
The आकार of the विकरण श्ना and also of an अभ्यस्त is converted to ई when followed by a हलादि सार्वधातुक कित् and ङित् प्रत्यय. But this does not happen for the verb roots that get the term 'घु'.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Word ई Right context saptamī · ekavacanaTarget अघोः ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacana
- Word Case not marked in the source data.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
ई अघोः
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
Before a सार्वधातुक कित् or ङित् affix beginning with a consonant, the आ of श्ना (the विकरण of the क्र्यादिगणः (9th Conjugation)) and of the reduplicate अङ्ग (stems) is replaced by ई except when the root is दा 'to give' or धा (धु).
Thus लुनीतः, पुनीतः, लुनीथः, पुनीथः, लुनीते and पुनीते ॥ Of reduplicates we have मिमीते, मिमीषे, मिमीध्वे, संजिहीते, संजिहीषे, संजिहीध्वे ॥ Why do we say 'beginning with a consonant'? Observe लुनन्ति, मिमते ॥ Why with the exception of घु? Observe दत्तः, धत्तः ॥ So also लुनाति and जहाति before non-कित् and non-ङित् affixes.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.