6.1.87
आद्गुणः
Operational rule vidhi
When an अवर्ण is followed by an अच् letter in the context of संहिता, both of them are replaced by a single गुण letter
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context आत् pañcamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term prathamā · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
Dotted words are technical terms, dashed ones pratyāhāras (names for classes of sounds or affixes). Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
आत्
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The गुण is the single substitute of the final अ or आ of a preceding word and the simple vowel of the succeeding (अ or आ + a vowel = गुण)।
The word अचि is understood here. For the vowel which follows an अ or आ, and for the अ or आ which precedes a vowel, in the room of both these preceding and succeeding vowels, there is the single substitute guna. Thus तव + इदम् = तवेदम्, खट्वा + इन्द्रः = खट्वेन्द्रः, माला + इन्द्रः = मालेन्द्रः, तव + ईहते = तवेहते, खट्वा + ईहते = खट्वेहते, तव + उदकम् = तवोदकम्, खट्वा + उदकम् = खट्वोदकम्, तव + ऋश्यः = तवर्श्यः, खट्वा + ऋश्यः = खट्वर्श्यः, तव + लृकारः = तवल्कारः, खट्वा + लृकारः = खट्वल्कारः ॥ By analogy of 1.1.51, the guna substitute of लृ being अ is always followed by ल्, as that of ॠ is followed by र् ॥ This universal rule is limited by the following aphorism.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.