4.3.10
द्वीपादनुसमुद्रं यञ्
Operational rule vidhi
The affix यञ् comes in the remaining senses after the word द्वीप , which is near the sea.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context द्वीपात् pañcamī · ekavacanaIndeclinable अनु- समुद्रम् avyayaSubstitute / term य prathamā · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
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Full reading
द्वीपात् अनु-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix यञ् comes in the remaining senses after the word द्वीप , which is near the sea.
The word द्वीप occurs in the list of Kachchhadi 4.2.133, and would have taken अण्; and by sutra 4.2.134, it would have taken वुञ् also. The present sutra debars both those affixes, when the word द्वीप means अनुसमुद्र or 'near the sea'.
Thus द्वैप्यम् 'living on or relating to an island'. As द्वैप्यं भवन्तोऽनुचरन्ति चक्रम् ॥
Why do we say अनुसमुद्रं ? Observe द्वैपकम् or द्वैपम् 4.2.133 and 4.2.134. The word 'anu-samudra' is an Avyayibhava compound 2.1.15.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.