2.1.15
अनुर्यत्समया
Operational rule vidhi
The word अनु 'near to' is optionally compounded with that word, nearness to which is indicated by the particle and the resulting compound is अव्ययीभाव.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Substitute / term अनुः prathamā · ekavacanaIndeclinable यत्समया avyaya
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
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Full reading
अनुः यत्समया
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The word अनु 'near to' is optionally compounded with that word, nearness to which is indicated by the particle and the resulting compound is अव्ययीभाव।
As, अनुवनमशनिर्गतः 'the thunder bolt fell near the forest.'
Why do we say अनु ? Observe वनं समया 'near the forest.'
Why do we say 'when compounded with the word, nearness to which is indicated'? Observe वृक्षमनु विद्योतते विद्युत् 'it lightens towards the tree.'
Though this compounding was valid even by sūtra 6, because nearness is mentioned there also; it is repeated here in order to show that an Avyayibháva compound mentioned here is an optional compound after all, and not an invariable compound like others.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.