ऊङुतः

After a प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem) ending in short उ , not having the letter य् as its penultimate letter and being expressive of races of men, the affix in the feminine is ऊङ्।
The anuvritti of the words मनुष्यजाति and अयोपधात् should be read into the sutra to complete it. Thus कूरूः 'a female of the country of the Kurus' ब्रह्मबन्धूः "a Brahmani of the class of the fallen Brahmans so called", जीवबन्धूः "a woman of the Jivabandhu class".

Thus कुरु + ण्य = कौरव्यः 4.1.172, and this affix is elided by 4.1.176 in the feminine.

The indicatory letter ङ् in ऊङ् is to distinguish this affix in Sutras like नोङ् धात्वोः 6.1.175, for had the affix been enunciated merely as ऊ, then the Sutra 6.1.175 would have run as नो धात्वोः and the sense would have been ambiguous, for we could not have known what affix was particularly meant there.

The long ऊ is taught to debar the affix कप्, for a short उ would have also given the form करू (कुरु + उ = कुरू) ॥ The long ऊ therefore, indicates that the affix कप्, enjoined by 5.4.154, in Bahuvrihis, will not apply in the feminine forms ब्रह्मबन्धूः and the like, by the rule of vipratishedha.

Why do we say "not having the letter य् as its penultimate"? Witness अध्वर्युर्ब्राह्मणी 'a woman of the class of Brahmanas versed in the Yajur Veda'.

Vart:- The affix ऊङ् comes under similar conditions after words denoting non-animate jati, except the words रज्जु &c. Thus अलाबूः 'the bottle gourd'; कर्कन्धूः 'the jujube tree.' Why do we say "non-animate"? Witness कृकवाकुः 'a kind of lizard.' Why do we say "except the word rajju &c" Witness रज्जुः 'rope'; हनुः 'cheek' &c.