4.1.65
इतो मनुष्यजातेः
Operational rule vidhi
The feminine affix ङीष् comes after a प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem) ending in short इ denoting classes or races of men.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context pañcamī · ekavacanaLeft context मनुष्य- जातेः pañcamī · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
मनुष्य-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The feminine affix ङीष् comes after a प्रातिपदिक (Nominal Stem) ending in short इ denoting classes or races of men.
Thus अवन्ती 'women of Avanti', कुन्ती 'women of Kunti', दाक्षी 'Dakshi'. Thus अवन्ति + ञ्यङ् 4.1.171 आवन्त्यः 'men of Avanti'. In the feminine this affix by 4.1.176 is elided. प्लाक्षी "the female descendants of Plaksha". Why do we say "ending in short इ"? Witness विट् 'Vaishya', दरत् 'Darat'. Why do we say "of men"? Witness तित्तिरिः 'partridge'. Though the anuvritti of the word जाति could have been read into this aphorism from 4.1.63, its repetition here indicates that ङीष् is to be applied even when the penultimate letter is य् Thus औदमयी ॥
Vart:- This rule applies to words ending in the taddhita affix इञ् 4.2.80 though they do not denote a jati Thus सौतंगमी, मौनचित्ती ॥ The affix इञ् here referred to is the quadruply significant affix taught in 4.2.80 and ordained to come after सुतंगम &c, and does not denote a jati.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.