4.1.159
पुत्रान्तादन्यतरस्याम्
Operational rule vidhi
The augment कुक् optionally comes after a stem ending with the word पुत्र when the Patronymic affix फिन् follows.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context पुत्र- अन्तात् pañcamī · ekavacanaRight context अन्यतरस्याम् saptamī · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
पुत्र-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The augment कुक् optionally comes after a stem ending with the word पुत्र when the Patronymic affix फिन् follows.
The anuvritti of the words "according to the opinion of Northern Grammarians when the word has a Vriddhi in the first syllable" must be read into this sutra. Of course, a word ending in पुत्र cannot be a Gotra-word, for a Gotra word means a grandson or a still lower descendant. Hence a word ending in पुत्र having Vriddhi in the first syllable will take the affix फिञ् by 4.1.157; the present aphorism only rules that it takes the augment कुक् optionally.
Thus we have three forms :- गार्गीपुत्रकायणिः or गार्गीपुत्रायणिः or गार्गीपुत्रिः ॥ So also वात्सीपुत्रकायणिः, वात्सीपुत्रायणिः and वात्सीपुत्रिः ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.