4.1.157
उदीचां वृद्धादगोत्रात्
Operational rule vidhi
According to the opinion of Northern Grammarians after the words with वृद्धि in the first syllable when it is not a गोत्र -name, the affix फिञ् is used in the sense of a descendant.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Target उदीचाम् ṣaṣṭhī · bahuvacanaLeft context pañcamī · ekavacanaLeft context अगोत्रात् pañcamī · ekavacana
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
उदीचाम् अगोत्रात्
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
According to the opinion of Northern Grammarians after the words with वृद्धि in the first syllable when it is not a गोत्र -name, the affix फिञ् is used in the sense of a descendant.
Thus आम्रगुप्तायनिः "son of आम्रगुप्त," ग्रामरक्षायणिः 'son of ग्रामरक्ष' ॥ नापितायनिः 'son of a barber.' This latter is formed in spite of 4.1.152, because rule (1.4. 2) applies here.
Why do we say 'according to the opinion of Northern Grammarians'? Observe आम्रगुप्तिः. Why do we say 'after a word having a Vriddhi in the first syllable'? Observe याज्ञदत्तिः 'son of यज्ञदत्त.' Why do we say 'not being a Gotra-name? Observe औपगविः ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.