4.1.147
गोत्रस्त्रियाः कुत्सने ण च
Operational rule vidhi
And when contempt is to be expressed, the affix ण comes in the sense of descendant after a feminine word denoting a गोत्र-descendant.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context - स्त्रियाः pañcamī · ekavacanaRight context कुत्सने saptamī · ekavacanaWord ण Indeclinable च avyaya
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Word Case not marked in the source data.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
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Full reading
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Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
And when contempt is to be expressed, the affix ण comes in the sense of descendant after a feminine word denoting a गोत्र-descendant.
By the force of the word च in the sutra we get the affix ठक् also. When one's father is not known, and he is called by a name derived from his mother, it casts a slur upon his legitimacy; hence such an epithet is a कुत्सा or 'a defamatory or contemptuons epithet'. Thus गार्गी is a female gotra-descendant. Her son will be called गार्गः, as गार्गः जाल्मः ॥ So also गार्गिकः ॥ Similarly the son of ग्लुचुकायनी will be ग्लौचुकायनः and ग्लौचुकायनिकः ॥
This affix being added to a Gotra word has the force of a Yuvan affix.
Why do we say 'a Gotra descendant'. Observe कारिकेयो जाल्मः (formed by ढक् 4.1.120). Why do we say 'female descendant'? Observe औपगवि जाल्मः ॥ Why do we say 'when contempt is meant'? Observe गार्गेयो माणवकः which is to be explained as गार्ग्या अपत्यं पुमान् युवा भवति ॥ मातामहादेरुपलक्षणार्थोयं प्रयोग इति नास्ति कुत्सा ॥
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.