4.1.103
द्रोणपर्वतजीवन्तादन्यतरस्याम्
Operational rule vidhi
The affix फक् comes in the sense of a गोत्र (Patronymic) descendant, optionally after the words 1. द्रोण 2. पर्वत and 3. जीवन्त.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context द्रोण- पर्वत- जीवन्तात् pañcamī · ekavacanaRight context अन्यतरस्याम् saptamī · ekavacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
द्रोण-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix फक् comes in the sense of a गोत्र (Patronymic) descendant, optionally after the words 1. द्रोण 2. पर्वत and 3. जीवन्त।
This debars इञ् of 4.1.95. Thus द्रौणायनः or द्रौणिः, पार्वतायनः or पार्वतिः जैवन्तायनः or जैवन्तिः ॥
The affix फक् is employed in denoting a remote (gotra) offspring and not an immediate descendant or son. How is then अश्वत्थामा the son of Drona, called द्रौणायनः and not द्रौणिः in the phrase "अश्वत्थामा द्रौणायनः"? The द्रोण here does not refer to the Drona of the Mahabharat, but to some ancient founder of a clan of that name, and his descendants were called द्रौणायनाः ॥ In modern times, by an easy error, Asvatthama was called Draunayana, owing to the similarity of sounds.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.