4.1.102
शरद्वच्छुनकदर्भाद्भृगुवत्साग्रायणेषु
Operational rule vidhi
The affix फक् comes in denoting a गोत्र (Patronymic) descendant after the words 1. शरद्वत् 2. शुनक 3. दर्भा when they denote the descendants of भृगु , वत्स and अग्रायण , respectively.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Left context शरद्वत्- शुनक- दर्भात् pañcamī · ekavacanaRight context भृगु- वत्स- आग्रायणेषु saptamī · bahuvacana
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
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Full reading
शरद्वत्-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix फक् comes in denoting a गोत्र (Patronymic) descendant after the words 1. शरद्वत् 2. शुनक 3. दर्भा when they denote the descendants of भृगु , वत्स and अग्रायण , respectively.
Thus शारद्वातायनः = भार्गवः otherwise शारद्वतः (formed by अञ्) शौनकायनः = वात्स्यः, otherwise शौनकः, दार्भायणः = आग्रायणः, otherwise दार्भिः, (formed by इञ् 4.1.95).
The words शरद्वत् and शुनक belonging to बिदादि class would by 4.1.104 have taken the affix अञ् in denoting Gotra, the present sutra prohibits that in certain cases and enjoins फक् instead.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.