3.4.22
आभीक्ष्ण्ये णमुल् च
Operational rule vidhi
The affixes णमुल् and क्त्वा come after a root when reiteration is to be expressed.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context आभीक्ष्ण्ये saptamī · ekavacanaSubstitute / term prathamā · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyaya
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
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Full reading
आभीक्ष्ण्ये णमुल् च
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affixes णमुल् and क्त्वा come after a root when reiteration is to be expressed.
The phrases 'when the agent of both the verbs is the same' and 'after the verb whose action occurs first in time' are to be read into this sutra to complete the sense. The force of च is to introduce the affix क्त्वा into this sutra. The affixes ktva and namul express 're-iteration' then only when the verb is doubled, and not singly. See rule 8.1.4. Thus भोजं भोजं व्रजति 'having eaten repeatedly, he goes'; similarly भुक्त्वा भुक्त्वा व्रजति, पायं पायं व्रजति 'having drunk repeatedly he goes'.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.