3.3.41
निवासचितिशरीरोपसमाधानेष्वादेश्च कः
Operational rule vidhi
The affix घञ् comes after the roots चि 'to collect' and क is the substitute of the initial च in these senses viz. - 1. 'a dwelling' 2. 'a fire on the funeral pile' 3. 'the body' 4. 'collection'.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context निवास- चिति- शरीर- उपसमाधानेषु saptamī · bahuvacanaTarget आदेः ṣaṣṭhī · ekavacanaIndeclinable च avyayaSubstitute / term ः prathamā · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Target Ṣaṣṭhī (6th case): names what gets replaced, "in place of X" (1.1.49 षष्ठी स्थानेयोगा).
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
- Substitute / term Prathamā (1st case): in operational rules, the substitute or the thing introduced; in definitions, the term or its referent.
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Pink letters are it-markers (anubandhas), tags dropped by 1.3.9. Hover or tap one for the rule that marks it, or try the it-letter finder.
Full reading
निवास-
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
आदेः → कः / निवास-
Replace ādeḥ with kaḥ when nivāsa-citi-śarīra-upasamādhāneṣu follows. Inherited words (anuvṛtti) may add further conditions.
Commentary
The affix घञ् comes after the roots चि 'to collect' and क is the substitute of the initial च in these senses viz. - 1. 'a dwelling' 2. 'a fire on the funeral pile' 3. 'the body' 4. 'collection'.
That in which people dwell (निवसति) is called निवासः or 'dwelling'. That which is gathered together (चीयते) is called चिति or 'funeral pile'. शरीर means the body of all living beings; and उपसमाधान means making a heap. Thus निकाय 'a dwelling'; as in काशीनिकायः 'Kasi-dwelling'; आकायमग्निं चिन्वीत 'let him arrange the akaya fire i.e. the funeral fire'; कायः 'body', as अनित्यः कायः 'a perishable body'; महान् गोमयनिकायः 'a heap of cow-dung'.
Why do we say 'when having these senses'? Observe चयः 'gathering'. Why is not this rule applied in महान् काष्ठनिचयः 'a large heap of wood'? Here multiplicity is expressed and not collection or aggregation.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.