3.3.40
हस्तादाने चेरस्तेये
Operational rule vidhi
The affix घञ् comes after the root चि 'to collect' when the sense expressed is that of taking by hand provided it does not refer to stealing.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Right context हस्तादाने saptamī · ekavacanaLeft context चेः pañcamī · ekavacanaRight context अस्तेये saptamī · ekavacana
- Right context Saptamī (7th case): "when X follows", the operation applies to what precedes (1.1.66 तस्मिन्निति निर्दिष्टे पूर्वस्य). Also a condition or domain ("in the sense of").
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
Dotted words are technical terms. Hover or tap one to see its card.
Full reading
हस्तादाने चेः अस्तेये
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix घञ् comes after the root चि 'to collect' when the sense expressed is that of taking by hand provided it does not refer to stealing.
By saying 'taking by hand' the close proximity of the person taking to the thing accepted or taken is indicated. As पुष्पप्रचायः 'gathering flowers by hand'; फलप्रचायः 'gathering fruits by hand'.
Why do we say 'taking by hand'? Observe वृक्षाग्रस्थानां फलानां यष्टया प्रचयं करोति 'he gathers with the stick the fruits hanging on the top of the tree'.
Why do we say 'when not meaning to steal'? Observe पुष्पप्रचयश्चौर्येण 'the gathering of flowers by theft'.
Vart:- Prohibition must be stated in the case of the word उच्चयः 'gathering', as पुष्पोच्चयः 'gathering of flowers by hand'.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.