3.1.111
ई च खनः
Operational rule vidhi
The affix क्यप् is used after the root खन 'to dig' and long ई is substituted for the final of the root.
Word by word (padaccheda)
Word ई Indeclinable च avyayaLeft context खनः pañcamī · ekavacana
- Word Case not marked in the source data.
- Indeclinable An avyaya such as च "and", वा "optionally", न "not".
- Left context Pañcamī (5th case): "after X", the operation applies to what follows (1.1.67 तस्मादित्युत्तरस्य). Also used for limits and sources.
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Full reading
ई च खनः
Pāṇini leaves out words that carry over from earlier sūtras. Expand to see the rule as a reader actually understands it.
Commentary
The affix क्यप् is used after the root खन 'to dig' and long ई is substituted for the final of the root.
Thus खन् + क्यप् = ख + ई + य = खेयम् 'to be dug'. The long ई is used in the sutra for the sake of euphony. The same purpose would have been served by using short इ, thus 'इ च खनः'. But the long ई indicates that the rule 6.4.43 does not apply here. By that rule the अ of खन् would have been lengthened into आ before the affix क्यप्.
Śrīśa Chandra Vasu, The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (1897), via ashtadhyayi.com.